ADSORPTION OF Zn2+ BY FUNCTIONALIZED RICE HUSKS IN A FIXED-BED COLUMN: DESIGN PARAMETERS AND KINETIC MODELING
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.66104/y1333s58Keywords:
Wastewater treatment, Heavy metals, Agro-industrial waste , Continuous systemAbstract
In this study, rice husks functionalized with H3PO4 and NaOH (FRH) were evaluated as an adsorbent for the removal of Zn2+ ions in a continuous system. Breakthrough curves were obtained at different bed heights (5, 10, and 15 cm, at 5 meq L-1) and initial metal concentrations (3, 4, and 5 meq L-1, at 15 cm), from which column sizing and kinetic modeling were performed. As a result, increasing the metal load in the system’s feed solution reduced the bed’s saturation time (ts,u), while increasing the adsorbent height prolonged this parameter’s value. Efficiencies of 69.44% and 68.87% were obtained for the 15 cm at 3 meq L-1 and 10 cm at 5 meq L-1 configurations, respectively. The modified dose-response model (MDR) provided the best fit for most of the evaluated conditions, yielding a qMDR of 1.22 meq g-1 for the 5 cm bed at 5 meq L-1. Surface characterization revealed the presence of functional groups responsible for the affinity of FRH toward Zn2+ ions, while electrochemical and metal speciation analyses indicated pH 5 as the most favorable condition for conducting the tests. Thus, the FRH adsorbent demonstrated satisfactory performance in the removal of Zn2+ under continuous-flow conditions, highlighting not only the use of a low-cost agro-industrial waste as raw material but also for the integration of experimental research, kinetic modeling, and fixed-bed column sizing, aspects essential for obtaining useful parameters for design from the laboratory to industrial applications. Therefore, the material’s potential for use in continuous treatment systems for effluents containing heavy metals was demonstrated, contributing to the development of technically viable adsorption technologies applicable on a full-scale basis.
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