PREVALENCE, ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN, AND EPIDEMIOLOGY OF EXTENDED-SPECTRUM BETA-LACTAMASES (ESBL) PRODUCING BACTERIA IN URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS IN A BRAZILIAN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.66104/52x15240Keywords:
beta lactamases, Escherichia coli, multidrug resistance, urinary tract infectionsAbstract
The prevalence of urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae is increasing worldwide. A retrospective analysis of medical records was conducted for patients with UTIs admitted to a general tertiary university hospital in Brazil, over a 1-year period (2022–2023). Among 1193 UTI episodes, 179 (15%) were caused by ESBL. No significant difference in sex was observed among cases of ESBL-causing UTI, and the mean age of the patients was 55 years (range: 1–102 years). Most ESBL-producing bacteria (70%) were isolated from hospitalized patients, with an average length of hospitalization of 27.5 days. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the predominant ESBL-producing species. Over 99% of ESBL isolates demonstrated resistance to third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins and aztreonam, whereas sensitivity to amikacin and polymyxin B was observed among the majority of bacterial strains, with carbapenems being the most effective drugs. Understanding antimicrobial resistance patterns in ESBL-producing strains associated with UTIs is crucial for guiding empirical antimicrobial therapy. Prompt implementation of infection control measures and rational use of antibiotics are essential to prevent the development and dissemination of ESBL-producing bacteria.
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