CARBON FOOTPRINT ASSESSMENT OF TERNARY CEMENTS PRODUCED FROM BLAST FURNACE SLAG AND FLY ASH

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61164/2n5cpe75

Keywords:

Portland cement, blast furnace slag, fly ash, ternary cement, CO2 emission

Abstract

The increased use of concrete in construction is increasing the demand for Portland cement, whose production accounts for approximately 8% of global CO2 emissions. This study was motivated by the need for alternatives to Portland cement, thus leading to the emergence of ternary cement, but with the need to evaluate its life cycle. This study aimed to investigate the environmental impact, in terms of CO2-eq emissions, of the production of ternary cements formulated with blast furnace slag (EGA) and fly ash (CV), the results of which were also compared to conventional Portland cement. This study used data from experiments conducted in the laboratories of the Federal University of Pará (UFPA), relating to the production of ternary cement from the combination of BFS with BFS and Portland cement. To this end, two ternary cement formulations (CT1 and CT2) with different clinker replacement ratios were analyzed, respecting the limits of NBR 16697. The results showed that CT1 emitted 297.55 kg of CO2-eq, while CT2 emitted 217.04 kg of CO2-eq, compared to 865 kg of CO2-eq for traditional Portland cement. The production and transportation of Portland cement accounted for up to 87.21% of the total emissions in ternary cements, confirming that clinkerization is the main impact factor. It is concluded that ternary cements, especially those with lower clinker content, have environmentally favorable potential without compromising regulatory requirements.

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Author Biographies

  • Kalebe Kelvy Freire Ferreira, Federal University of Rondônia

    Undergraduate student in Civil Engineering at the Federal University of Rondônia, scholarship holder of the Institutional Scientific Initiation Scholarship Program.

  • Mário Henrique Moreira de Moraes, Federal University of Pará

    Ph.D. candidate in the Graduate Program in Civil Engineering at the Federal University of Pará (PPGEC/UFPA), with a Master’s degree from the same program (2022) in the field of Materials and Civil Construction. Holds a Bachelor’s degree in Materials Engineering from the Federal University of Pará (2019), and is currently pursuing an MBA in Project and Process Management at FM2S (2025). For two years, served as a Scientific Initiation scholarship holder, working in the area of composite materials, with emphasis on the development of polymer matrix composites incorporating industrial waste from the Amazon region.

  • Marcelo De Souza Picanço, Federal University of Pará

    Holds a Bachelor's degree in Civil Engineering from the Federal University of Pará (2002), a Master’s degree in Civil Engineering with a focus on Structures from the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (2005), and a Ph.D. in Geology and Geochemistry from the Federal University of Pará, Brazil (2011). Currently a Professor at the Federal University of Pará (UFPA) in the Civil Engineering program, CNPq Productivity Grant holder, and Coordinator of the Graduate Program in Construction Processes and Urban Sanitation at the Federal University of Pará (UFPA).

  • Aedjota Matos De Jesus, Federal University of Rondônia

    Holds a Bachelor's degree in Civil Engineering from the Faculty of Rondônia (2016), a Master’s degree in Civil Engineering from the Federal University of Amazonas (2018), and a Ph.D. in Civil Engineering from the Federal University of Pará (2023). Currently serves as an Assistant Professor at the Federal University of Rondônia. Works primarily on the following topics: geopolymer, geopolymeric cement, sustainability, geopolymer concrete, and geopolymer mortar.

References

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Published

2025-12-15

Issue

Vol. 21 No. 03 (2025): REMUNOM - ISSN 2178-6925

Section

Artigos

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Copyright (c) 2025 Kalebe Kelvy Freire Ferreira, Mário Henrique Moreira de Moraes, Marcelo De Souza Picanço, Aedjota Matos De Jesus

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How to Cite

CARBON FOOTPRINT ASSESSMENT OF TERNARY CEMENTS PRODUCED FROM BLAST FURNACE SLAG AND FLY ASH. (2025). REMUNOM, 21(03), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.61164/2n5cpe75