COMPLICACIONES INTRAOPERATORIAS CAUSADAS POR ANESTESICOS QUE INDUCEN HIPERTERMIA MALIGNA PEDIÁTRICA

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61164/rmnm.v12i4.3373

Palabras clave:

Temperatura alta, Taquipnea, Hipercapnia, Niños

Resumen

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la frecuencia de complicaciones intraoperatorias por anestésicos causantes de hipertermia maligna en pacientes pediátricos, evaluando además el procedimiento quirúrgico relacionado con el episodio y el desenlace clínico (supervivencia o muerte). Se realizó una revisión sistemática integradora, siendo los criterios de inclusión: publicaciones publicadas en los últimos 20 años y que trabajaran con pacientes pediátricos. Además, se excluyeron producciones repetidas y no aplicables a la temática propuesta. Se recolectaron previamente un total de 1.913 artículos y, luego de aplicar los factores de elegibilidad, 25 artículos constituyeron la muestra. Considerando los 42 casos clínicos de hipertermia maligna registrados entre los artículos seleccionados, se observó que entre las operaciones relacionadas con estos episodios de hipertermia maligna, el 21,4% (n = 9) de ellas fueron cirugías ortopédicas y entre las complicaciones intraoperatorias se destacaron: temperatura perioperatoria > 38,8ºC (n = 25, 59,5%), taquicardia sinusal inesperada (n = 24, 57,1%), PETCO2 > 55 mmHg, ventilación mecánica (n = 18, 42,9%) y pH < 7,25 (n = 16, 38,1%). Además, entre los pacientes que sucumbieron a estos episodios, 39 (92,9%) sobrevivieron. Se encontró que la mayoría de los pacientes pediátricos con hipertermia maligna sobreviven, aunque potencialmente puedan presentar morbilidades asociadas. Se evidenció que las cirugías más involucradas en los casos de hipertermia maligna pediátrica son las ortopédicas y que las complicaciones clínicas intraoperatorias más prevalentes en estos casos son el aumento significativo de la temperatura intraoperatoria y del PETCO2, además de la disminución sustancial del pH.

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Publicado

2024-12-13

Cómo citar

COMPLICACIONES INTRAOPERATORIAS CAUSADAS POR ANESTESICOS QUE INDUCEN HIPERTERMIA MALIGNA PEDIÁTRICA. (2024). Revista Multidisciplinar Do Nordeste Mineiro, 12(4), 1-26. https://doi.org/10.61164/rmnm.v12i4.3373