ODONTOLOGIA HOSPITALAR

O PAPEL DO CIRURGIÃO-DENTISTA NA PREVENÇÃO DE COMPLICAÇÕES SISTÊMICAS

Abstract

Hospital dentistry has gained prominence due to its positive impact on the overall health of hospitalized patients, especially in intensive care units (ICUs), where the dentist plays a crucial role in preventing systemic infections such as ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Neglect of oral hygiene contributes to biofilm accumulation, facilitating the colonization of respiratory pathogens, which can exacerbate systemic diseases. Moreover, the integration of the dentist into the multidisciplinary team promotes comprehensive care, reducing complications and length of hospital stay. Studies indicate that the presence of hospital dentistry can significantly reduce the incidence of VAP—by up to 46%—and consequently shorten ICU stays, reduce the use of antibiotics, and lower hospital costs associated with prolonged treatments. Proper management of oral conditions also accelerates clinical recovery, improves patients' quality of life, and contributes to the optimization of healthcare resources. However, the practice still faces challenges in Brazil, such as limited regulation and a general lack of awareness among the population and healthcare professionals regarding its benefits. This field aims not only to prevent diseases but also to promote patient well-being, highlighting its relevance to public health. Therefore, this project aims to investigate the role of the dentist in hospital settings, emphasizing their contribution to comprehensive and humanized care, and to discuss the challenges to expanding this practice in public and private institutions through a literature review based on scientific articles and official regulatory guidelines.