INFLUENCIA DE LA DIETA EN LA MODULACIÓN DE LA MICROBIOTA INTESTINAL Y SUS EFECTOS SOBRE LAS ENFERMEDADES CRÓNICAS NO TRANSMISIBLES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61164/8wpvfm97Palabras clave:
Microbiota intestinal; Alimentação; Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis; Disbiose; Nutrição preventiva.Resumen
Los hábitos alimentarios ejercen una influencia decisiva en la modulación de la microbiota intestinal, impactando directamente la salud metabólica y el desarrollo de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles (ECNT). Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar, mediante una revisión bibliográfica, la influencia de diferentes patrones dietéticos en la composición y funcionalidad de la microbiota intestinal y sus efectos en la fisiopatología de las ECNT. Se seleccionaron estudios que investigaron la interacción entre dietas variadas y la microbiota intestinal, considerando mecanismos metabólicos e inmunológicos. La evidencia indica que las dietas ricas en fibra, prebióticos, polifenoles y alimentos de origen vegetal promueven la eubiosis intestinal, aumentan la diversidad microbiana y estimulan la producción de ácidos grasos de cadena corta, como el butirato. Por el contrario, los patrones dietéticos caracterizados por el consumo de alimentos ultraprocesados y grasas saturadas favorecen la disbiosis, la inflamación crónica de bajo grado y un mayor riesgo metabólico. Se concluye que la adopción de hábitos alimentarios equilibrados constituye una estrategia eficaz en la prevención de las ECNT, reafirmando el papel de la nutrición como una herramienta no farmacológica esencial para la promoción de la salud.
Descargas
Referencias
ANDREOU, E.; PAPANEPHYTOU, C. Fortalecendo a imunidade por meio da nutrição e da saúde intestinal: uma revisão narrativa sobre o manejo de alergias e multimorbidade. Nutrients, v. 17, n. 10, p. 1685, 2025.
BORBA, A. P. A.; DE ARAÚJO RAMOS, L. R. C.; DA COSTA MAYNARD, D. Microbiota e dieta: importância da modulação intestinal com foco na obesidade. Research, Society and Development, Vargem Grande Paulista, v. 12, n. 6, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v12i6.42263
BRASIL. Guia Alimentar para a População Brasileira. 2. ed. Brasília: Ministério da Saúde, 2014.
CAESAR, R. et al. Crosstalk between gut microbiota and dietary lipids aggravates WAT inflammation through TLR signaling. Cell Metabolism, v. 22, p. 658–668, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2015.07.026
CANI, P. D. et al. Changes in gut microbiota control metabolic endotoxemia-induced inflammation in high-fat diet–induced obesity and diabetes in mice. Diabetes, v. 57, n. 6, p. 1470–1481, 2009. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2337/db07-1403
DELZENNE, N. M.; CANI, P. D. Interaction between obesity and the gut microbiota: relevance in nutrition. Annual Review of Nutrition, v. 31, p. 15–31, 2011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nutr-072610-145146
ESPOSITO, K. et al. Effects of Mediterranean-style diet on the need for antihyperglycemic drug therapy in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: a randomized trial. Annals of Internal Medicine, v. 151, n. 5, p. 306–314, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-151-5-200909010-00004
FERREIRA, F. R. Dieta mediterrânea na modulação da microbiota intestinal: uma revisão de literatura. 2024. Disponível em: https://repositorio.pucgoias.edu.br/jspui/handle/123456789/8542. Acesso em: 6 nov. 2025.
FONSECA, J. R. et al. Mineração de moléculas ativas no sobrenadante de probióticos combinando metabolômica não direcionada e testes de imunorregulação. Metabolites, 2022.
GARCIA, R. W. D. A dieta mediterrânea e sua relação com a saúde. Revista de Nutrição, v. 14, n. 1, p. 1–10, 2001.
GÓRALCZYK-BIŃKOWSKA, A. et al. The Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis in Psychiatric Disorders. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, v. 23, n. 19, p. 11245, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms231911245
HERINGER, P. N. et al. A influência da nutrição na composição da microbiota intestinal e suas repercussões na saúde. Revista Ibero-Americana de Humanidades, Ciências e Educação, v. 9, n. 9, p. 158–171, 2023. DOI: 10.51891/rease.v9i9.11158. DOI: https://doi.org/10.51891/rease.v9i9.11158
HILL, C. et al. Expert consensus document: The International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics consensus statement on the scope and appropriate use of the term probiotic. Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, v. 11, n. 8, p. 506–514, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nrgastro.2014.66
HOTAMISLIGIL, G. S. Inflammatory pathways and insulin action. International Journal of Obesity, v. 30, n. S3, p. S39–S43, 2006.
KAHLEOVA, H. Plant-based diets for healthy weight and metabolism. Nutrition Reviews, v. 76, n. 8, p. 51–58, 2018.
KOH, A. et al. From dietary fiber to host physiology: short-chain fatty acids as key bacterial metabolites. Cell, v. 165, n. 6, p. 1332–1345, 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2016.05.041
KOUTSIOULA, E. et al. Probiotic supplementation and human health: current evidence and emerging trends. Nutrients, v. 14, n. 6, p. 1221, 2022.
LE CHATELIER, E. et al. Richness of human gut microbiome correlates with metabolic markers. Nature, v. 500, p. 541–546, 2013.
ORGANIZAÇÃO MUNDIAL DA SAÚDE (OMS). Doenças não transmissíveis. World Health. Organization, 2025. Disponível em: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/noncommunicable-diseases. Acesso em: 6 nov. 2025.
PANTOJA, M. F. et al. Fatores etiológicos associados à disbiose intestinal: revisão integrativa. Revista de Ciências da Saúde da Amazônia, v. 1, n. 2, p. 1–5, 2019.
PRIOR, R. L. et al. Antioxidant capacity of foods and biological fluids: review and clinical applications. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, v. 49, n. 11, p. 4713–4721, 2001.
ROMBOUTS, F. M. et al. Prebiotics and probiotics: mechanisms and clinical evidence. British Journal of Nutrition, v. 120, p. 1–15, 2018.
SANTOS, J. B.; CORDEIRO, L. C.; CAVALCANTE, A. C. S. Inflamação crônica de baixo grau: a chave para o desenvolvimento de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis? Revista Brasileira de Obesidade, Nutrição e Emagrecimento, v. 10, n. 60, p. 250–259, 2016.
SANTOS, K. E. R.; RICC, G. C. L. Microbiota Intestinal e a obesidade. Revista Uningá Review, v. 26, n. 1, p. 74–82, 2016.
SAUGSTAD, O. D. et al. Nutritional modulation of gut microbiota: novel strategies for metabolic control. Frontiers in Nutrition, v. 10, 2023.
SIMOPOULOS, A. P. The importance of the ratio of omega-6/omega-3 essential fatty acids. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, v. 56, n. 8, p. 365–379, 2002. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0753-3322(02)00253-6
TILG, H.; MOSCHEN, A. R. Microbiota and diabetes: an evolving relationship. Gut, v. 63, n. 9, p. 1513–1521, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2014-306928
VALDÉS, A. M. et al. Role of the gut microbiota in nutrition and health. BMJ, v. 361, k2179, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.k2179
VELMURUGAN, G. et al. Gut microbiota, endocrine-disrupting chemicals, and the diabetes epidemic. Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism, v. 28, n. 8, p. 612–625, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tem.2017.05.001
ZHAO, Y. et al. The Role of Gut Microbiome in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Implications for Clinical Therapeutics. Biomolecules, v. 14, n. 12, p. 1643, 2024. DOI: 10.3390/biom14121643. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/biom14121643
Descargas
Publicado
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2025 Leonardo Pereira , Rafaela Martins, Ana Carolina Pelaes Vital
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits the sharing of the work with proper acknowledgment of authorship and initial publication in this journal;
Authors are authorized to enter into separate, additional agreements for the non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in this journal (e.g., posting in an institutional repository or publishing it as a book chapter), provided that authorship and initial publication in this journal are properly acknowledged, and that the work is adapted to the template of the respective repository;
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post and distribute their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their personal websites) at any point before or during the editorial process, as this may lead to productive exchanges and increase the impact and citation of the published work (see The Effect of Open Access);
Authors are responsible for correctly providing their personal information, including name, keywords, abstracts, and other relevant data, thereby defining how they wish to be cited. The journal’s editorial board is not responsible for any errors or inconsistencies in these records.
PRIVACY POLICY
The names and email addresses provided to this journal will be used exclusively for the purposes of this publication and will not be made available for any other purpose or to third parties.
Note: All content of the work is the sole responsibility of the author and the advisor.
