SCHRÖDINGER EQUATION: WAVE FUNCTION WITH APPLICATION IN THE INFINITE SQUARE WELL AND IN A FREE PARTICLE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.66104/ev5dbr30Keywords:
Schrödinger Equation; Mathematical and physical foundations; Infinite square wells and free particles;Abstract
This article addresses the Schrödinger equation related to the wave function, focusing on its application to two specific physical systems: infinite square wells and free particles. The general objective is to understand the mathematical and physical foundations and to explore how the solution of the equation describes the quantum behavior of particles in different electric potentials. The methods used are theoretical and analytical, based on a review of the relevant literature on quantum mechanics. The one-dimensional case of the time-dependent equation and its stationary form are analyzed for an infinite square well, with emphasis on energy quantization and the determination of boundary conditions for the allowed stationary states. For free particles, it is examined as a superposition of plane waves associated with a continuous energy spectrum. The results show that in infinite wells the solutions exhibit energy quantization and discrete states, while for free particles the solutions present degrees of freedom of motion with continuous energy. The conclusion is that the Schrödinger equation is crucial for describing quantum phenomena, providing a solid mathematical foundation for understanding confined and free systems, highlighting, through examples, the importance of wave functions in predicting and explaining the behavior of particles in quantum systems, contributing to the advancement of modern physics.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Dr. José Francisco da Silva Costa, Mestre Marinaldo Carvalho Lobato, Mestre José Wilton Serrão Nascimento, Mestre José Augusto dos Santos Cardoso, Mário dos Santos Torres, Mestre Eliezer Pereira Cavalheiro, Ilan de Jesus Baia Pinheiro , Dr. Antonio Maia de Jesus Chaves Neto

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