SCHOOL BULLYING AS A RELATIONAL PHENOMENON: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF A PEDAGOGICAL INTERVENTION IN A CONTEXT OF SOCIAL VULNERABILITY IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.66104/qevve380Keywords:
comic strips; culture of peace; school violence; socio-emotional education.Abstract
His article analyzes a pedagogical practice aimed at raising awareness and addressing bullying in the school context, developed in a public school located in the northern region of Rio Grande do Sul, in a community characterized by high levels of violence. The study seeks to understand how educational activities can contribute to problematizing bullying and fostering more respectful relationships among students. Methodologically, this is a qualitative study of an applied nature with a descriptive-interpretative approach, based on the analysis of an intervention carried out in April, a period dedicated to bullying awareness. The activity initially involved a lecture conducted by teachers from Specialized Educational Assistance (AEE), followed by the production of comic strips by students, in which they were asked to represent situations of bullying and ways to address them. The data were analyzed using content analysis. The results show that students recognize bullying in its multiple manifestations, especially in verbal and psychological forms, associated with humiliation, body stigmatization, and social exclusion. The productions also reveal an understanding of the emotional impacts of violence, such as sadness, suffering, and isolation, as well as an awareness of the continuity of aggression in digital environments. Furthermore, elements of empathy, respect, and reconciliation are evident in the narratives, suggesting the internalization of values discussed during the pedagogical intervention. It is concluded that the use of active methodologies, such as the production of comic strips, constitutes an effective strategy for promoting critical reflection and student engagement in addressing bullying. However, the need for continuous and articulated actions within the school context is emphasized, aiming at the construction of a culture of peace and democratic coexistence.
Downloads
References
BARDIN, Laurence. Análise de conteúdo. São Paulo: Edições 70, 2011.
BRASIL. Lei nº 13.185, de 6 de novembro de 2015. Institui o Programa de Combate à Intimidação Sistemática (Bullying). Diário Oficial da União, Brasília, DF, 9 nov. 2015.
BRONFENBRENNER, Urie. A ecologia do desenvolvimento humano: experimentos naturais e planejados. Porto Alegre: Artmed, 1996.
CROCHÍK, José Leon. Bullying, preconceito e desempenho escolar: uma nova perspectiva. Psicologia USP, São Paulo, v. 26, n. 2, p. 256–263, 2015.
DURLAK, Joseph A. et al. The impact of enhancing students’ social and emotional learning: a meta-analysis of school-based universal interventions. Child Development, v. 82, n. 1, p. 405–432, 2011.
ESPINOSA, María; CLEMENTE, Miguel. School bullying: a theoretical and methodological review. Psychosocial Intervention, v. 30, n. 2, p. 75–83, 2021.
GAFFNEY, Helen; TTOFI, Maria M.; FARRINGTON, David P. What works in anti-bullying programs? Analysis of effective intervention components. Journal of School Psychology, v. 85, p. 37–56, 2021.
KOWALSKI, Robin M. et al. Bullying in the digital age: a critical review and meta-analysis of cyberbullying research among youth. Psychological Bulletin, v. 140, n. 4, p. 1073–1137, 2014.
MODECKI, Kathryn L. et al. Bullying prevalence across contexts: a meta-analysis measuring cyber and traditional bullying. Journal of Adolescent Health, v. 55, n. 5, p. 602–611, 2014.
MORRISON, Brenda. Restorative justice in schools. In: SHERMAN, Lawrence W.; STRANG, Heather (org.). Restorative justice: the evidence. London: The Smith Institute, 2016.
OECD. PISA 2018 results (volume III): what school life means for students’ lives. Paris: OECD Publishing, 2019.
OLWEUS, Dan. Bullying at school: what we know and what we can do. Oxford: Blackwell, 1993.
OLWEUS, Dan. School bullying: development and some important challenges. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, v. 9, p. 751–780, 2013.
PATCHIN, Justin W.; HINDUJA, Sameer. Cyberbullying: identification, prevention, and response. Cyberbullying Research Center, 2020.
RAMOS, Paulo. A leitura dos quadrinhos. São Paulo: Contexto, 2012.
SALMIVALLI, Christina. Participant roles in bullying: how can peer bystanders be utilized in interventions? Theory Into Practice, v. 53, n. 4, p. 286–292, 2014.
SMITH, Peter K. et al. Definitions of bullying: a comparison of terms used, and age and gender differences, in a fourteen-country international comparison. Child Development, v. 90, n. 3, p. 1–15, 2019.
TTOFI, Maria M.; FARRINGTON, David P. Effectiveness of school-based programs to reduce bullying: a systematic and meta-analytic review. Journal of Experimental Criminology, v. 13, p. 27–56, 2017.
UNESCO. Behind the numbers: ending school violence and bullying. Paris: UNESCO, 2019.
UNESCO. Stopping school violence and bullying: a global status report. Paris: UNESCO, 2023.
ZHAO, Yifan et al. The relationship between bullying victimization and mental health among adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Children and Youth Services Review, v. 150, 2023.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Marcus Dhilermando Hora de Souza, Nycollas Stefanello Vianna, Dênis Silvano Domingues, Wender Antônio Nunes da Silva

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits the sharing of the work with proper acknowledgment of authorship and initial publication in this journal;
Authors are authorized to enter into separate, additional agreements for the non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in this journal (e.g., posting in an institutional repository or publishing it as a book chapter), provided that authorship and initial publication in this journal are properly acknowledged, and that the work is adapted to the template of the respective repository;
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post and distribute their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their personal websites) at any point before or during the editorial process, as this may lead to productive exchanges and increase the impact and citation of the published work (see The Effect of Open Access);
Authors are responsible for correctly providing their personal information, including name, keywords, abstracts, and other relevant data, thereby defining how they wish to be cited. The journal’s editorial board is not responsible for any errors or inconsistencies in these records.
PRIVACY POLICY
The names and email addresses provided to this journal will be used exclusively for the purposes of this publication and will not be made available for any other purpose or to third parties.
Note: All content of the work is the sole responsibility of the author and the advisor.
