DO CORTE À VIDEOLAPAROSCOPIA: UMA DÉCADA DE TRANSFORMAÇÕES NA CIRURGIA BARIÁTRICA PELO SUS

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Surgical interventions, such as bariatric surgery, are often recommended for obesity, especially when other approaches—like lifestyle changes—fail. In Brazil, the Unified Health System (SUS) performs a large number of bariatric surgeries, most commonly indicated for morbid obesity (BMI ≥ 40), with Roux-en-Y gastric bypass being the most prevalent technique. Bariatric surgery has proven effective, but challenges such as complications, nutritional issues, and psychological adjustments require continuous monitoring. METHODOLOGY: A descriptive observational study with a quantitative approach was conducted using data from the SUS Hospital Information System (SIH-SUS) between 2014 and 2024. The data, collected from public and anonymized sources, were organized and analyzed using Microsoft Excel. RESULTS: The analysis revealed a significant shift toward minimally invasive techniques, especially laparoscopic bariatric surgery. Regional disparities in access to different types of procedures were identified, with most surgeries concentrated in the South and Southeast regions, to the detriment of the North and Center-West regions. CONCLUSION: The data reflect inequalities in access to high-complexity healthcare services, highlighting the need for public policies aimed at improving the distribution of these services across the country.