ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF ORAL CANCER IN BRAZIL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.66104/xgjrm871Keywords:
Oral Cancer, Brazil, Cost of Illness, Economic Impact of Disease, Unified Health SystemAbstract
Oral cancer (OC) is a health problem that requires attention at different levels of care related to different economic aspects. The objective of this study is to identify in the scientific literature the relationship between economic aspects associated with oral cancer in Brazil. Therefore, an integrative literature review on this topic was conducted, using selection criteria for studies published within the last 5 years in three different databases, with full text available and relevant to the research objective. Reviews and other types of studies were excluded, resulting in the selection of 9 studies. Articles were found that emphasized different themes, such as government costs and hospitalization costs, structural resources, health coverage, socioeconomic status, and available human resources, which are directly or indirectly related to cancer. These studies can be categorized into two non-exclusive blocks: 'direct economic aspects' and 'indirect economic aspects'. The economic influence is variable, with a possible association between increased investment in the health network and improved OC indicators. Given this, it is noted that different economic aspects are associated with the OC, and the proportional and balanced expansion of the health network can enable a positive impact on these variables.
Downloads
References
CAMPOS DELL’ORTO, Zeferino et al. Mortalidade por câncer de boca e faringe no Brasil entre 2008 e 2019: estudo descritivo. HU Revista, [S. l.], v. 48, p. 1–10, 2022. DOI: 10.34019/1982-8047.2022.v48.37587. Disponível em: <https://periodicos.ufjf.br/index.php/hurevista/article/view/37587> Acesso em: 7 dez. 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.34019/1982-8047.2022.v48.37587
COSTA, A. A. S. et al. Oral and oropharyngeal cancer: time from first symptoms to treatment initiation and associated factors. Brazilian Oral Research, v. 37, p. e054, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107bor-2023.vol37.0054
CUNHA, A. R. et al. The impact of inequalities and health expenditure on mortality due to oral and oropharyngeal cancer in Brazil. Scientific Reports, v. 11, p. 12845, 18 jun. 2021. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92207-x. Disponível em: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8213849/. Acesso em: 19 jan. 2026.
CUNHA, A. R. et al. Hospitalizations for oral and oropharyngeal cancer in Brazil by the SUS: impacts of the covid-19 pandemic. Revista de Saúde Pública, v. 57, p. 3s, 2023.
DE-CARLI, A. D. et al. Factors related to the waiting time for scheduling an oral biopsy in Brazil: a multilevel analysis. BMC Health Services Research, v. 23, p. 461, 9 maio 2023. DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-09437-0. Disponível em: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10170778/. Acesso em: 19 jan. 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-023-09437-0
FRANZIN, Lucimara Cheles da Silva et al. Hospital morbidity and mortality of malignant neoplasms of the lip, oral cavity and pharynx in Brazil (2016-2021). Revista Uningá, [S. l.], v. 61, p. eUJ4613, 2024. DOI: 10.46311/2318-0579.61.eUJ4613. Disponível em: <https://revista.uninga.br/uninga/article/view/4613> Acesso em: 7 dec. 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.46311/2318-0579.61.eUJ4613
FREIRE, A. R. et al. Diagnosis of mucosal changes and hospitalized oral cancer patients in Brazil: influence of socioeconomic factors. Brazilian Oral Research, v. 35, p. e042, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107bor-2021.vol35.0042
IARC – International Agency for Research on Cancer. Global Cancer Observatory: Heatmap of cancer incidence and mortality. [s.l.]: IARC, 2024a. Disponível em: <https://gco.iarc.fr/today/en/dataviz/maps-heatmap?mode=population&zoom=2&cancers=1_3&group_cancers=1&multiple_cancers=1&types=1>. Acesso em: 04 dez. 2024.
IARC – International Agency for Research on Cancer. Global Cancer Observatory: Heatmap of cancer incidence and mortality. [s.l.]: IARC, 2024b. Disponível em: <https://gco.iarc.fr/today/en/dataviz/maps-heatmap?mode=population&zoom=2&cancers=1_3&group_cancers=1&multiple_cancers=1#&print=1> Acesso em: 04 dez. 2024.
IARC – International Agency for Research on Cancer. Oral cancer prevention. Lyon: IARC, 2023. Disponível em: <https://publications.iarc.fr/Book-And-Report-Series/Iarc-Handbooks-Of-Cancer-Prevention/Oral-Cancer-Prevention-2023> Acesso em: 04 dez. 2024.
INCA - Instituto Nacional de Câncer. Diagnóstico precoce do câncer de boca. Rio de Janeiro: INCA, 2022. 137 p. Il. ISBN 978-65-88517-20-8 (versão eletrônica). Disponível em: <https://www.inca.gov.br/publicacoes/livros/diagnostico-precoce-do-cancer-de-boca> Acesso em: 04 dez. 2024.
LIMA, H. L. et al. Spatial-temporal analysis of hospitalizations with death caused by oral cancer in Brazil and its correlation with the expansion of healthcare coverage. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal, v. 28, n. 1, p. e1–e8, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4317/medoral.25470. Disponível em: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9805332/. Acesso em: 21 jan. 2026 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4317/medoral.25470
LIMA, R. B. et al. Hospitalization of Pediatric Patients with Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer in Brazil's National Health System from 2008 to 2023. Revista Brasileira de Cancerologia, v. 70, n. 4, p. e–114857, 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32635/2176-9745.RBC.2024v70n4.4857
MILANI, V. et al. Direct healthcare costs of lip, oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancer in Brazil. PLoS One, v. 16, n. 2, p. e0246475, 17 fev. 2021. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246475. Disponível em: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7888595/. Acesso em: 19 jan. 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246475
MOOLA, S. et al. Chapter 7: Systematic reviews of etiology and risk. In: AROMATARIS, E.; MUNN, Z. (Ed.). JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis. JBI, 2020. Disponível em: https://synthesismanual.jbi.global. Acesso em: 20 fev. 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.46658/JBIRM-17-06
PAGE, M. J. et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ, v. 372, p. n71, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n71 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n71
PIOLA, Sérgio Francisco; VIANNA, Solon Magalhães (org.). Economia da saúde: conceitos e contribuição para a gestão da saúde. 2. ed., reimpr. Brasília: Ipea, 1998.
RAYMUNDO, M. L. B. et al. Trend of hospitalized cases of oral cancer in Brazil and its relationship with oral health coverage in public health system between 2009 and 2017. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal, v. 26, n. 1, p. e78–e83, 2021. DOI: 10.4317/medoral.24009. Disponível em: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7806343/. Acesso em: 21 jan. 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4317/medoral.24009
RIBEIRO-ROTTA, Rejane Farias et al. The cost of oral cancer: A systematic review. PloS One, v. 17, n. 4, p. e0266346, 2022. Disponível em: <https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0266346> Acesso em: 04 dez. 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0266346
SOUZA, M. T.; SILVA, M. D.; CARVALHO, R. Revisão integrativa: o que é e como fazer. Einstein (Sao Paulo)., v. 8, n. 1, p. 102-106, jan. 2010. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1679-45082010RW1134 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/s1679-45082010rw1134
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Éric Ribeiro Silva, Diego Rodrigues de Sousa, Francisca Gabryele Guimarães Lopes Santos, Lígia Maria Cabedo Rodrigues , Lucielma Salmito Soares Pinto, Luciane Miranda Guerra, Brunna Verna Castro Gondinho, Andréa Conceição Gomes Lima

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits the sharing of the work with proper acknowledgment of authorship and initial publication in this journal;
Authors are authorized to enter into separate, additional agreements for the non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in this journal (e.g., posting in an institutional repository or publishing it as a book chapter), provided that authorship and initial publication in this journal are properly acknowledged, and that the work is adapted to the template of the respective repository;
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post and distribute their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their personal websites) at any point before or during the editorial process, as this may lead to productive exchanges and increase the impact and citation of the published work (see The Effect of Open Access);
Authors are responsible for correctly providing their personal information, including name, keywords, abstracts, and other relevant data, thereby defining how they wish to be cited. The journal’s editorial board is not responsible for any errors or inconsistencies in these records.
PRIVACY POLICY
The names and email addresses provided to this journal will be used exclusively for the purposes of this publication and will not be made available for any other purpose or to third parties.
Note: All content of the work is the sole responsibility of the author and the advisor.
