A NEW ERA IN COMBATING CYBERCRIME: HOW THE AUTOMATION AND GOVERNANCE OF MED 2.0 DRIVE LOSS REDUCTION AND THE DETERRENCE OF FINANCIAL FRAUD IN BRAZIL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.66104/bsgn8v13Keywords:
PIXAbstract
The contemporary landscape of financial transactions in Brazil is characterized by the rise of digital illicit acts, whose complexity is amplified by continuous criminal technological innovation. Against this backdrop, the central objective of this analysis is to examine the Special Return Mechanism (MED) and its evolution, MED 2.0, investigating to what extent automation and the improvement of institutional governance enhance the probability and speed of asset recovery and deter new types of fraud, thereby strengthening the resilience of the instant payment ecosystem. The methodology consists of qualitative, descriptive-interpretative documentary research. Data collection was based on the systematic reading of official documents, involving the extraction of statistics and key concepts, followed by thematic categorization and content analysis. Results indicate that MED 2.0 represents a promising evolution by extending the freezing of funds to multi-layer accounts, integrating risk engines, and strengthening inter-institutional cooperation. However, its effectiveness is conditioned on the proper calibration of operational limits and deadlines, guaranteed data quality, procedural transparency, user education, and strict compliance with the General Personal Data Protection Law (LGPD). It is concluded that the improved mechanism has significant potential to reduce the expected value of financial crimes, increasing the resilience and security of the entire Pix payment system.
Downloads
References
ALBANESE, Jay S. Organized Crime: From the Mob to Transnational Organized Crime. New York: Routledge, 2016.
BANCO CENTRAL DO BRASIL. Resolução BCB nº 103, de 8 de junho de 2021. Altera o Regulamento anexo à Resolução BCB nº 1, de 12 de agosto de 2020, que disciplina o funcionamento do arranjo de pagamentos Pix [instituindo o Mecanismo Especial de Devolução]. Brasília, DF: Banco Central do Brasil, 2021. Disponível em: https://www.bcb.gov.br/estabilidadefinanceira/exibenormativo?tipo=Resolu%C3%A7%C3%A3o%20BCB&numero=103. Acesso em: 21 fev. 2026.
BANCO CENTRAL DO BRASIL. Resolução BCB nº 493, de 28 de agosto de 2025. Altera a Resolução BCB nº 1, de 12 de agosto de 2020, e aprimora os procedimentos operacionais e o Mecanismo Especial de Devolução (MED 2.0). Brasília, DF: Banco Central do Brasil, 2025. Disponível em: https://www.bcb.gov.br/estabilidadefinanceira/exibenormativo?tipo=Resolu%C3%A7%C3%A3o%20BCB&numero=493. Acesso em: 21 fev. 2026.
COHEN, Lawrence E.; FELSON, Marcus. Social Change and Crime Rate Trends: A Routine Activity Approach (1979). In: Classics in Environmental Criminology. 0. ed. [S.l.]: Routledge, 2010. p. 203–232. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781439817803-12
CORNISH, Derek B.; CLARKE, Ronald V. The reasoning criminal: rational choice perspectives on offending. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1986. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8625-4
FEDERAÇÃO BRASILEIRA DE BANCOS (FEBRABAN). Febraban propõe melhorias em ferramenta do Pix para devolução de dinheiro de golpe. São Paulo: Febraban, 13 jun. 2024. Disponível em: https://portal.febraban.org.br/noticia/4136/pt-br/. Acesso em: 21 fev. 2026.
GERHARDT, Tatiana Engel; SILVEIRA, Denise Toledo. Métodos de Pesquisa - Volume 2. [Sl.: s.n.], 2009. Disponível em: files.cercomp.ufg.br . Acesso em: 9 set. 2025. Disponível em: https://lume.ufrgs.br/handle/10183/52806. Acesso em: 21 fev. 2026.
GIL, Antonio Carlos. Métodos e Técnicas de Pesquisa Social. [S.l.: s.n.], 1987. Disponível em: https://lume.ufrgs.br/handle/10183/206281. Acesso em: 9 set. 2025.
INSTITUTO BRASILEIRO DE DEFESA DO CONSUMIDOR (IDEC). Considerações ao Fórum Pix sobre as discussões a respeito do MED 2.0. São Paulo: Idec, 12 ago. 2024. Disponível em: https://idec.org.br/publicacao/consideracoes-ao-forum-pix-sobre-discussoes-respeito-do-med-20. Acesso em: 21 fev. 2026.
KNIGHT, Frank H. Risk, uncertainty and profit. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1921.
KSHETRI, Nir. The Global Cybercrime Industry: Economic, Institutional and Strategic Perspectives. Berlin; Heidelberg: Springer, 2010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11522-6
NASCIMENTO, Nivio; PAZINATO, Eduardo (coord.). Follow the products: rastreamento de produtos e enfrentamento ao crime organizado no Brasil. São Paulo: Fórum Brasileiro de Segurança Pública, 2025. E-book (PDF). ISBN 978-65-89596-42-4. Disponível em: https://static.poder360.com.br/2025/02/FOLLOW-THE-PRODUCTS-2025-v06-digital_FINAL-1.pdf. Acesso em: 21 fev. 2026.
SHELLEY, Louise I. Dirty Entanglements: Corruption, Crime, and Terrorism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139059039
SILVERGUARD. Central de Autoatendimento do MED no App. São Paulo: Silverguard, [2025]. Disponível em: https://www.silverguard.com.br/autoatendimento-med-app. Acesso em: 9 set. 2025.
SILVERGUARD. Golpes com Pix no Brasil: estudo 2024. São Paulo: Silverguard, 2024. Disponível em: https://www.silverguard.com.br. Acesso em: 9 set. 2025.
WALL, David S. Cybercrime: The Transformation of Crime in the Information Age. Cambridge: Polity Press, 2008.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Danielle Costa de Souza Simas, Gesson Eliésio Aguiar de Sousa, João Frederico Nascimento Araújo, Paulo César Diniz de Araújo Paulo César Diniz de Araújo, Mário Jumbo Miranda Aufiero, Carlos Augusto Oliveira de Souza
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits the sharing of the work with proper acknowledgment of authorship and initial publication in this journal;
Authors are authorized to enter into separate, additional agreements for the non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in this journal (e.g., posting in an institutional repository or publishing it as a book chapter), provided that authorship and initial publication in this journal are properly acknowledged, and that the work is adapted to the template of the respective repository;
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post and distribute their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their personal websites) at any point before or during the editorial process, as this may lead to productive exchanges and increase the impact and citation of the published work (see The Effect of Open Access);
Authors are responsible for correctly providing their personal information, including name, keywords, abstracts, and other relevant data, thereby defining how they wish to be cited. The journal’s editorial board is not responsible for any errors or inconsistencies in these records.
PRIVACY POLICY
The names and email addresses provided to this journal will be used exclusively for the purposes of this publication and will not be made available for any other purpose or to third parties.
Note: All content of the work is the sole responsibility of the author and the advisor.
