THE EMERGENCE OF MESSIANISM AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THE CONSTRUCTION OF ANCIENT JUDAISM
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.66104/qcwbbw65Keywords:
Messianism, Ancient Judaism, Eschatology, Prophecy, Religion.Abstract
This article explores the origins and evolution of Messianism in Ancient Judaism, highlighting its theological, social, and political roles. Derived from the Hebrew mashiach ("anointed"), the analysis follows a historical-theological approach grounded in biblical texts and contemporary scholarship. We initially examine the pre-exilic period, when the messiah was viewed as an anointed king and a mediator between God and the people. Following the exile, prophets such as Jeremiah and Ezekiel redefined the concept, linking it to future hope and spiritual renewal. External influences, such as Zoroastrianism, enriched messianic expectations. The article also emphasizes variations in the concept: while some perceived the messiah as a political leader, others conceived him as a spiritual or cosmic figure, reflecting the needs and emphases of different Jewish communities across various historical periods. Under Roman rule, these expectations culminated in apocalyptic movements. Finally, the study explores the connections and ruptures between Judaism and early Christianity. Jesus of Nazareth was reinterpreted by Christians as the universal messiah, transforming the messianic idea into a theological dividing line. The article concludes that messianism, with its multiple nuances, was crucial to the religious and cultural evolution of Judaism and its interaction with Christianity.
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