ANALYSIS OF THE MICROBIOLOGICAL QUALITY OF SAMPLES OF HERBAL DRUGS SOLD AT AN OPEN-AIR MARKET IN MANAUS, AMAZONAS

Abstract

Introduction: The use of herbal drugs is a widespread traditional practice in the Amazon region. Despite its economic relevance and its inclusion in the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS), the informal sale of these products in open-air markets can lead to inadequate storage conditions, exposure to humidity, and microbiological contamination. Furthermore, many packages do not meet the requirements established by Resolution RDC No. 10/2010 of the National Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA). This study aimed to evaluate the microbiological quality of a sample of herbal drugs sold in an open-air market in the city of Manaus, Amazonas, and to verify the conformity of their packaging with current legislation. Methodology: This is an experimental, exploratory, and qualitative study conducted with samples of Plectranthus barbatus (boldo), Endopleura uchi (uxi-amarelo), Maytenus ilicifolia (espinheira-santa), Momordica charantia L. (bitter melon), and Mentha piperita L. (peppermint). The samples were subjected to maceration, incubation in enrichment broth, and subsequent plating on Mueller Hinton, EMB, Blood, and Sabouraud agar. Presumptive microbiological identification was performed using Gram staining, microscopic observation, and phenotypic characteristics. In parallel, the packaging was evaluated according to the criteria established by RDC No. 10/2010. Conclusion: All analyzed samples showed microbial growth, with structures suggestive of the presence of Gram-positive bacteria of the genera Staphylococcus and Micrococcus, and Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In addition, there was also growth of yeasts and filamentous fungi, suggestive of the genus Aspergillus. Regarding labeling, most of the mandatory information stipulated in RDC No. 10/2010 was absent, including manufacturer identification, batch number, expiration date, responsible technician, and usage instructions. The results highlight the need to strengthen sanitary inspection, adopt good storage and marketing practices, and adapt packaging to regulatory requirements, aiming for greater consumer safety.