EDUCATIONAL INTERVENTION: PROMOTING PHYSICAL ACTIVITY TO CONTROL AND PREVENT CHILDHOOD OBESITY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.66104/z9y4m435Keywords:
Interventionist action; Cardiorespiratory fitness; Motor activity; Nutritional status; Health promotion.Abstract
The objective was to measure the effect of an educational intervention on the nutritional status, and cardiorespiratory fitness of children. A total of 709 children enrolled in public schools participated. The participants were organized into two Groups, Control (CG) and Intervention (IG). The study followed three stages, Stage 1 (day 0), the groups were characterized in terms of nutritional status, and cardiorespiratory fitness; Stage 2 (day 1 to 90), with the participation of only IG. This stage consisted of educational activities; Stage 3 (day 91), the groups were reassessed. The majority of the children were eutrophic, but a high number of participants were classified as overweight. There was no change in nutritional status after the educational intervention, but the intervention did increase the distance covered by IG on the running test. The CG reduced this distance (p < 0.05) when children were evaluated overall and in relation to sex (male). The actions increased the measures for GI. The eutrophic children in the CG and IG had a higher performance than the overweight children in the cardiorespiratory fitness test in Stage 1. This parameter worsened in Stage 3 for CG, while for IG the intervention increased the measures of fitness for eutrophic and overweight children. It was concluded that the educational intervention did not affect the children's nutritional status, however it increases cardiorespiratory fitness for boys and girls, for eutrophic and overweight children.
Downloads
References
AN, U.; SHEN, J.; YANG, Q.; YANG, Y. Impact of built environment on physical activity and obesity among children and adolescents in China: A narrative systematic review. Journal of Sport and Health Science, v.8, n.2, p.153-169, 2019. Available at: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30997262/>. Access at: 15 January 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2018.11.003
BARBOSA, A.; WHITING. S.; SIMMONDS, P.; SCOTINI MORENO, AR.; MENDES, R.; BREDA, J. Physical activity and academic achievement: an umbrella review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, v.17, n.16, p.1-29, 2020. Available at: <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7460146/>. Access at: 14 January 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165972
BARNES, C.; HALL, A.; NATHAN, N.; SUTHERLAND, R.; McCARTHY, N.; PETTET, M.; BROW, A.; WOLFENDEN, L. Efficacy of a school-based physical activity and nutrition intervention on child weight status: Findings from a cluster randomized controlled trial. Preventive Medicine, v.153, n.1, p.1-11, 2021. Available at: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34599925/>. Access at: 10 January 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106822
BRASIL. Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Atenção à Saúde. Departamento de Atenção Básica. Coordenação Geral da Política de Alimentação e Nutrição. Incorporação das curvas de crescimento da Organização Mundial da Saúde de 2006 e 2007 no SISVAN. 2006, 2007. Available at: <https://www.sprs.com.br/sprs2013/bancoimg/131209104419oms2006_2007.pdf>. Access at: 03 January 2026.
BRASIL. Portal do Professor. Do papel para a quadra: o jogo da velha humano. 2010. Available at: <http://portaldoprofessor.mec.gov.br/fichaTecnicaAula.html?aula=25600>. Access at: 03 January 2026.
BRASIL. Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Atenção à Saúde. Departamento de Atenção Básica. Orientações para a coleta e análise de dados antropométricos em serviços de saúde: Norma Técnica do Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional. Brasília: Ministério da Saúde, 2011. Available at: <https://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/publicacoes/orientacoes_coleta_analise_dados_ antropometricos.pdf>. Access at: 10 January 2026.
BRASIL. Secretaria de Educação Fundamental. Parâmetros curriculares nacionais: Educação física. Brasília: MEC/SEF, 1997. Available at: <http://portal.mec.gov.br/seb/arquivos/pdf/introducao.pdf>. Access at: 14 January 2026.
BRASIL. Ministério da cidadania. Jogos e brincadeiras das culturas populares na primeira infância. 1 ed. Brasília. 2019. Available at: <https://biblioteca.fmcsv.org.br/biblioteca/jogos-brincadeiras-culturas-populares-primeira-infancia/>. Access at: 17 January 2026.
BRASIL. Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Atenção Primária à Saúde. Departamento de Promoção da Saúde. PROTEJA: Estratégia Nacional para Prevenção e Atenção à Obesidade Infantil: orientações técnicas. Brasília: Ministério da Saúde, 2022a. Available at: <https://www.gov.br/saude/pt-br/composicao/saps/promocao-da-saude/proteja/publicacoes/orientacoes_proteja.pdf/view>. Access at: 15 January 2026.
BRASIL. Ministério da Saúde. Fascículo 4: protocolos de uso do guia alimentar para a população brasileira na orientação alimentar de crianças de 2 a 10 anos. Brasília: Ministério da Saúde, 2022b. Available at: <https://nutricao.saude.ms.gov.br/?p=2362>. Access at: 11 January 2026.
CALCATERRA, V.; VANDONI, M.; ROSSI, V.; BERARDO, C.; GRAZI, R.; CORDARO, E.; TRANFAGLIA. V.; CARNEVALE PELLINO, V.; CEREDA, C.; ZUCCOTTI, G. Use of physical activity and exercise to reduce inflammation in children and adolescents with obesity. International Journal Environ Research and Public Health, v.5, n.11, p.1-20, 2022. Available at: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35682490/>. Access at: 11 January 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116908
CAVALLARI, V. R.; ZACHARIAS, V. Trabalhando com recreação. 10 ed. São Paulo: Ícone, 2003.
MACHADO, K. M. C.; CASTAGNOLI, J. L.; OLIVEIRA, M. L.; TEIXEIRA, F.; SOARES, J. M.; NOVELLO, D. Avaliação dos fatores de prevalência sobre o estado nutricional de crianças em idade escolar. Revista Contexto & Saúde, v.20, n.38, p.131-137, 2020. Available at: <https://www.revistas.unijui.edu.br/index.php/contextoesaude/article/view/10093>. Access at: 17 January 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21527/2176-7114.2020.38.131-137
COSTA, A. N. F. Educação Física na educação infantil. 1 ed. São Paulo: AIAMIS, 2017.
DHURANDHAR, N. V.; PETERSEN, S. P.; WEBSTER, C. Key Causes and Contributors of Obesity: A Perspective. Nursing Clinics of North America, v.56, n.4, p.449-464, 2021. Available at: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34749887/>. Access at: 18 January 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cnur.2021.07.007
DRENOWATZ, C.; CHEN, S. T.; COCCA, A.; FERRARI, G.; RUEDL, G.; GREIER, K. Association of body weight and physical fitness during the elementary school years. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, v.19, n.6, p.1-12, 2022. Available at: < https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35329129/>. Access at: 14 January 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063441
EQUIPE BNL. Coleção repensando a educação física: da educação infantil ao ensino fundamental. Modulo 2 - Curitiba: Equipe BNL, 2009. Available at: <https://www.nucleodoconhecimento.com.br/educacao-fisica/importancia-da-educacao>. Access at: 15 January 2026.
FERREIRA, V. Educação Física – Recreação, Jogos e Desportos. 3 ed. Rio de Janeiro: Sprint, 2003.
FLYNN, R. M.; STAIANO, A. E.; BEYL, R.; RICHERD, R. A.; WARTELLA, E.; CALVERT, S. L. The Influence of Active Gaming on Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Black and Hispanic Youth. The Journal of School Health, v.88, n.10, p.768-775, 2018. Available at: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30203482/>. Access at: 13 January 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/josh.12679
FOCHESATTO, C. F.; BRAND, C.; CRISTI-MONTERO, C.; DIAS, A. F.; ÁLVAREZ, C.; MOTA, J.; GAYA, A. C. A.; GAYA, A. R. Prevalence of responders of a school intervention at physical fitness and mental health of children: a quasi-experimental study. Motriz, v.28, n.1, p.1-11, 2022. Available at: <https://www.scielo.br/j/motriz/a/XRrCz5j8hbf8GVWDMzms7PB/abstract/?lang=en>. Access at: January 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/s1980-657420220000922
FREDRIKSEN, P. M.; HJELLE, O. P.; MAMEN, A.; MEZA, T. J.; WESTERBERG, A. C. The health Oriented pedagogical project (HOPP) - a controlled longitudinal school-based physical activity intervention program. BMC Public Health, v.17, n.1, p. 1-14, 2017. Available at: <https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4282-z>. Access at: 10 January 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4282-z
FREITAS, M. R.; AMARAL, C. N. Subsídios para a Educação Física de 1ª a 4ª série. Petrópolis: Vozes, 1988.
GALLER, J. R.; BRINGAS-VEJA, M. L.; TANG, Q.; RABINOWITZ, A. G.; MUSA, K. I.; CHAI, W. J.; OMAR, H.; RAHMAN, M. R. A.; HAMID, A. I. A. H.; ABDULLAH, J. M.; SOSA, P. A. V. Neurodevelopmental ef-fects of childhood malnutrition: A neuroimaging perspective. NeuroImage, v.231, n.1, p.1-9, 2021. Available at: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33549754/>. Access at: 05 January 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.117828
GARCÍA, H. A.; AQUAYO, I. H.; GRANADO, X. O.; VERGARA, O. F.; CRUZ, B. D. Bullying victimization, physical inactivity and sedentary behavior among children and adolescents: a meta-analysis. The International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, v.17, n.1, p.1-10, 2020. Available at: <https://ijbnpa.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12966-020-01016-4>. Access at: 06 January 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-020-01016-4
GAYA, A. R.; GAYA, A.; PEDRETTI, A.; MELLO, J. Projeto Esporte Brasil (PROESP-BR): Manual de medidas, testes e avaliações. Porto Alegre: UFRGS/ESEFID, 2021. Available at: <https://lume.ufrgs.br/handle/10183/217804>. Access at: 10 January 2026.
GOTTSCHALK, F. Impacts of technology use on children: Exploring literature on the brain, cognition and well-being. OECD Education Working Papers, v.1, n.195, p.1-46. 2019. Available at: <https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/impacts-of-technology-use-on-children_8296464e-en>. Access at: 10 January 2026.
HAAPALA, E. A.; TOMPURI, T.; LINTU, N.; VIITASALO, A.; SAVONEN, K.; LAKKA, T. A.; LAUK-KANEN, J. A. Is low cardiorespiratory fitness a feature of metabolic syndrome in children and adults? Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, v.25, n.11, p.923-929, 2022. Available at: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35989176/>. Access at: 15 January 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2022.08.002
HABIB-MOURAD, C.; GHANDOUR, L. A.; MALIHA, C.; DAGHER, M.; KHARROUBI, S.; HWALLA, N. Impact of a Three-Year Obesity Prevention Study on Healthy Behaviors and BMI among Lebanese Schoolchildren: Findings from Ajyal Salima Program. Nutrients, v.12, n.9, p.1-14, 2020. Available at: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32899135/>. Access at: 15 January 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12092687
JANSSEN, X.; BASTERFIELD, L.; PARKINSON, K. N.; PEARCE, M. S.; REILLY, J. K.; ADAMSON, A. J.; REILLY, J. J. Non-linear longitudinal associations between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and adiposity across the adiposity distribution during childhood and adolescence: Gateshead Millennium Study. International Journal of Obesity, v.43, n.1, p.744-750, 2019. Available at: <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6484716/>. Access at: 12 January 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-018-0188-9
JAKICIC, J. M.; ROGERS, R. J.; COLLINS, A. M.; JACKSON, R. Strategies for Physical Activity Interven-tions in the Treatment of Obesity. Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America, v.49, n.2, p.289-301, 2020. Available at: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32418591/>. Access at: 17 January 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecl.2020.02.004
KUMAR, S.; OLSON, D. L.; SCHWENK, W. F. Part I. Malnutrition in the pediatric population. Disease a Month, v.48, n.11, p.703-712, 2002. Available at: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12474013/>. Access at: 12 January 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1067/mda.2002.130133
LI, X. H.; LIN, S.; GUO, H.; HUANG, Y.; WU, L.; ZHANG, Z.; MA, J.; WANG, H. Effectiveness of a school-based physical activity intervention on obesity in school children: a nonrandomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health, v.14, n.1282, p.1-12, 2014. Available at: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25510313/>. Access at: 19 January 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-1282
LI et al. The Chirpy dragon intervention in preventing obesity in Chinese primary-school--aged children: A cluster-randomised controlled trial. PLOS Medicine, v.16, n.11, p.1-11, 2019. Available at: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31770371/>. Access at: 15 January 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002971
LIMA, R. A.; ANDERSEN, L. B.; SOARES, F. C.; KRIEMLER, S. The causal pathway effects of a physical activity intervention on adiposity in children: The KISS Study cluster randomized clinical trial. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, v.30, n.9, p.1685-1991, 2020. Available at: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32501613/>. Access at: 11 January 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.13741
MASON, K. E.; ALEXIOU, A.; BARR, B.; ROBINSON, D. T. Impact of cuts to local authority spending on cultural, environmental and planning services on inequalities in childhood obesity in England: A longitudinal ecological study. Health & Place, v.80, n.1, p.1-8, 2023. Available at: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36924674/>. Access at: 17 January 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2023.102999
MAZUR, A.; ZACHURZOK, A.; BARAN, J.; DERÉN, K.; et al. Childhood obesity: Position Statement of Polish Society of Pediatrics, Polish Society for Pediatric Obesity, Polish Society of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, the College of Family Physicians in Poland and Polish Association for Study on Obesity. Nutrients, v.14, n.18, p.1-41, 2022. Available at: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36145182/>. Access at: 14 January 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14183806
MIJALKOVIĆ, S.; STANKOVIĆ, D.; TOMLJANOVIĆ, M.; BATEZ, M.; GRLE, M.; GRLE, I.; BRKLJAČIĆ, I.; JULARIĆ, J.; SPORIŠ, G.; FIŠER, S. Ž. School-based exercise programs for promoting cardiorespiratory fitness in overweight and obese children aged 6 to 10. Children, v.9, n.9, p.1-9, 2022. Available at: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36138633/>. Access at: 11 January 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/children9091323
MORENO, M. G.; LIRIO, M. F.; GEA; I. L.; LÓPEZ, M. R.; TORO, F. V.; TENREIRO, M. C. F.; SIGUEIRA, J. P. L. Early nutritional education in the prevention of childhood obesity. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, v.18, n.1, p.1-10, 2021. Available at: <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8296335/>. Access at: 15 January 2026.
MURPHY, S. Understanding childhood and adolescent obesity. Clinics in Integrated Care, v.13, n.1, p.1-5, 2022. Available at: <https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2666869622000264>. Access at: 19 January 2026.
NITTARI, G.; SCURI, S.; PETRELLI, F.; PIRILLO, I.; LUCA, N. M.; GRAPPASONNI, I. Fighting obesity in children from European World Health Organization member states. Epidemiological data, medical-social aspects, and prevention programs. La Clinica Terapêutica, v.170, n.3, p.223-230, 2019. Available at: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31173054/>. Access at: 18 January 2026.
OBITA, G.; ALKHATIB, A. Effectiveness of lifestyle nutrition and physical activity interventions for chil-dhood obesity and associated comorbidities among children from minority ethnic groups: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrients, v.15, n.11, p.1-36, 2023. Available at: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37299488/>. Access at: 12 January 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15112524
OPAS - Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde. Dia Mundial da Obesidade 2022: acelerar ação para acabar com a obesidade. Brasília (DF); 2022. Available at: <https://www.paho.org/pt/noticias/4-3-2022-dia-mundial-da-obesidade-2022-acelerar-acao-para-acabar-com-obesidade#:~:text=Dia%20Mundial%20da%20Obesidade%20 2022%3A%20acelerar%20a%C3%A7%C3%A3o%20para%20acabar%20com%20a%20obesidade,-4%20Mar%2 02022&text=4%20de%20mar%C3%A7o%20de%202022,Esse%20n%C3%BAmero%20continua%20aumentando>. Access at: 04 January 2026.
PAPALIA, D. E.; FELDMAN, R. D. Desenvolvimento humano. 12. ed. Porto Alegre: AMGH, 2013.
PARANÁ. Portal Dia a Dia Educação. Jogos e brincadeiras. 2022. Available at: <http://www.educacaofisica.seed.pr.gov.br/modules/conteudo/conteudo.php?conteudo=288>. Access at: 04 January 2026.
PENG, W.; ZHANG, J.; ZHOU, H.; WANG, Y.; TIAN, X.; WEN, D.; WANG, Y. Obesity intervention efforts in China and the 2022 World Obesity Day. Global Health Journal, v.6, n.3, p.118-121, 2022. Available at: <https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2414644722000513>. Access at: 15 January 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.glohj.2022.07.007
PERALTA, M.; HENRIQUES-NETO, D.; GOUVEIA, É. R.; SARDINHA, L. B.; MARQUES, A. Promoting health-related cardiorespiratory fitness in physical education: A systematic review. PLoS One, v.15, n.8, p.1-15, 2020. Available at: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32745088/>. Access at: 17 January 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0237019
PITANGA, F.H.; SOUZA, A.S.; BATISTA, G.D.B.; ROCHA, R.E.R. Estado nutricional de crianças e adolescentes do Brasil: uma revisão bibliográfica sistemática. Conjecturas, v.21, n.5, p.451-492, 2022. Available at: <https://conjecturas.org/index.php/edicoes/article/view/961>. Access at: 10 January 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.53660/CONJ-961-L11
QUIST, J. S; WINTHER, J.; FRIIS, A. L.; GRAM, A. S.; BLOND, M. B.; ROSENKILDE, M.; JESPERSEN, A. P.; STALLKNECHT, B. M. Maintenance of cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, and a physically active lifestyle after structured exercise interventions in individuals with overweight and obesity: A mixed-method follow-up study. Public Health in Practice, v.4, n.1, p.1-10, 2022. Available at: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36570402/>. Access at: 14 January 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhip.2022.100293
RAMOS-SILVA, V.; SILVA, J. P.; MARANHÃO, H. S. Epidemiologia da obesidade na infância e adolescência. Obesidade na infância e adolescência. Manual de Orientação. 3. ed. São Paulo: Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria, 2019. Available at: <https://www.sbp.com.br/imprensa/detalhe/nid/manual-de-orientacao-sobre-obesidade-na-infancia-e-adolescencia-esta-disponivel-para-os-associados-da-sbp/>. Access at: 09 January 2026.
RAWAL, T.; MURIS, J. W. M.; MISHRA, V. K.; ARORA, M.; TANDON, N.; SCHAYCK, O. C. P.; Effect of an educational intervention on diet and physical activity among school-aged adolescents in Delhi -The i-PROMISe (PROMoting health literacy in Schools) Plus Study. Dialogues in Health, v.2, n.1, p.1-6, 2023. Available at: <https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772653323000278>. Access at: 09 January 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dialog.2023.100123
RUTTEN, A.; FRAHSA, A.; ABEL, T.; BERGMANN, M.; LEEUW, E.; HUNTER, D.; JANSEN, M.; KING, A.; POTVIN, L. Co-producing active lifestyles as whole-system-approach: theory, intervention and knowledge-to-action implications. Health Promotion International, v.34, n.1, p.47-59, 2019. Available at: <https://academic.oup.com/heapro/article/34/1/47/4107885>. Access at: 12 January 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/dax053
SEO, Y-G; LIM, H; KIM, Y. JU, Y-S; LEE, H-J; JANG, H. B; PARK, S. I; PARK, K. H. The effect of a multidisciplinary lifestyle intervention on obesity status, body composition, physical fitness, and cardiometabolic risk markers in children and adolescents with obesity. Nutrients, v.11, n.1, p.1-16, 2019. Available at: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30634657/>. Access at: 15 January 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11010137
STURM, D. J.; KELSO, A. KOBEL, S.; DEMETRIOU, Y. Physical activity leyels and sedentary time during school hours of 6th-grade girls in Germany. Journal Public Health, v.29, n.1, p.847-855, 2021. Available at: <https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10389-019-01190-1>. Access at: 15 January 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-019-01190-1
SWINBURN, B. A.; KRAAK, V. I.; ALLENDER, S.; ATKINS, V. J.; et al. The global syndemic of obesity, undernutrition, and climate change: The Lancet Commission report. The Lancet, v.393, n.10173, p.791-846, 2019. Available at: <https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(18)32822-8/fulltext>.Access at: 12 January 2026
SZTRAMKO, S. E. N.; CALDWELL, H.; DOBBINS, M. School-based physical activity programs for promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents aged 6 to 18. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, v.9, n.9, p.1-357, 2021. Disponível <https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/ 14651858.CD007651.pub3/information>. Access at: 15 January 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD007651.pub3
VIEIRA, C. M. S. Brincadeiras Populares: um resgate da cultura do brincar. São Luís: EDIFMA, 2019.
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO). Growth reference data for 5-19 year. 2007. Available at: <https://www.who.int/tools/growth-reference-data-for-5to19-years/indicators>. Access at: 04 January 2026.
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO). AnthroPlus for personal computers manual. Software for assessing growth of the world's children and adolescents. Geneva: WHO. 2009. Available at: <https://www.who.int/tools/growth-reference-data-for-5to19-years/application-tools>. Access at: 15 January 2026.
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO). Guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour: at a glance. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2020. Available at: <https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240015128>. Access at: 11 January 2026.
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO). Obesity and overweight. 2021. Available at: <https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight>. Access at: 04 January 2026.
WORLD OBESITY FEDERATION (WOF). Atlas of childhood obesity, London. 2019. Available at: <https://www.worldobesity.org/membersarea/global-atlas-on-childhood-obesity>. Access at: 15 January 2026.
WU, C.; XU, Y.; CHEN, Z.; CAO, Y.; YU, K.; HUANG, C. The effect of intensity, frequency, duration and volume of physical activity in children and adolescents on skeletal muscle fitness: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, v.18, n.18, p.1-18, 2021. Available at: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34574565/>. Access at: 19 January 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18189640
WUHL, E. Hypertension in childhood obesity. Acta Pediátrica Nurturing the Child, v.108, n.1, p.37-43, 2018. Available at: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30144170/>. Access at: 19 January 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/apa.14551
ZELDMAN, J.; SALLOUM, R. G.; MOBLEY, A. R. Implementing successful early childhood obesity prevention interventions: the need for family-based effectiveness-implementation hybrid studies. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, v.123, n.10, p.1-8, 2023. Available at: <https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37247755/>. Access at: 06 January 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2023.05.025
ZHU, Z.; TANG, Y.; ZHUANG, Y. L.; WU, X.; CAI, Y.; WANG, L.; CAO, Z.; CHEN, P. Physical activity, screen viewing time, and overweight/obesity among chinese children and adolescents: an update from the 2017 physical activity and fitness in China-the youth study. BMC Public Health, v.19, n.1, p.1-8, 2019. Available at: <https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-019-6515-9>. Access at: 11 January 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-6515-9
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Jaqueline Machado Soares, Marcos Roberto Queiroga, Daiana Novello, Celina Campos da Silva
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits the sharing of the work with proper acknowledgment of authorship and initial publication in this journal;
Authors are authorized to enter into separate, additional agreements for the non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in this journal (e.g., posting in an institutional repository or publishing it as a book chapter), provided that authorship and initial publication in this journal are properly acknowledged, and that the work is adapted to the template of the respective repository;
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post and distribute their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their personal websites) at any point before or during the editorial process, as this may lead to productive exchanges and increase the impact and citation of the published work (see The Effect of Open Access);
Authors are responsible for correctly providing their personal information, including name, keywords, abstracts, and other relevant data, thereby defining how they wish to be cited. The journal’s editorial board is not responsible for any errors or inconsistencies in these records.
PRIVACY POLICY
The names and email addresses provided to this journal will be used exclusively for the purposes of this publication and will not be made available for any other purpose or to third parties.
Note: All content of the work is the sole responsibility of the author and the advisor.
