TECHNICAL PROPOSAL FOR THE APPLICATION OF BOTULINUM TOXIN TYPE A IN THE FRONTAL MUSCLE BASED ON THE CONTROLLED INTERSECTION OF DIFFUSION HALOS: THEORETICAL-OPERATIONAL RATIONALE

Authors

  • Thiago Borges Mattos UNINCOR
  • Lídia Batista Conrado Martins UFJF
  • João Marcos Mattos UNINCOR
  • Érica Leonel Sobral de Souza UNINCOR
  • Paula Karoline UFJF
  • Karina Cazzeta Sales Neves UFJF
  • Luiz Meireles Mayrink UNIPAC
  • Caio Salles UNINCOR

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.66104/7fsv4r76

Keywords:

Botulinum toxin type A; Technical procedure; Integrative dentistry; Intramuscular distribution; Clinical safety.

Abstract

Botulinum toxin type A (TBXA) is widely used in dental practice for aesthetic and therapeutic purposes, following traditional protocols based on equidistant injection points to avoid overlapping diffusion halos. However, the limited duration of effect and variability in clinical response indicate the need for critical evaluation of current approaches. This manuscript proposes a theoretical-operational application technique based on the controlled intersection of diffusion halos by reducing the spacing between injection points. Hypothetically, this approach could promote more homogeneous intramuscular distribution, enhance recruitment of deep muscle fibers, and improve uniformity of muscle relaxation, without increasing total administered dose. The proposal is presented as a technical hypothesis, including injection mapping, dose per point, depth of application, anatomical precautions, and provisional patient selection criteria. Discussions of functional anatomy, safety considerations, limitations, and potential experimental validation are included.

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References

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Published

2026-06-01

Issue

Vol. 13 No. 11 (2026): REMUNOM - ISSN 2178-6925

Section

Artigos

License

Copyright (c) 2026 Thiago Borges Mattos, Lídia Batista Conrado Martins, João Marcos Mattos, Érica Leonel Sobral de Souza, Paula Karoline, Karina Cazzeta Sales Neves, Luiz Meireles Mayrink, Caio Salles

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How to Cite

TECHNICAL PROPOSAL FOR THE APPLICATION OF BOTULINUM TOXIN TYPE A IN THE FRONTAL MUSCLE BASED ON THE CONTROLLED INTERSECTION OF DIFFUSION HALOS: THEORETICAL-OPERATIONAL RATIONALE. (2026). REMUNOM, 13(11), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.66104/7fsv4r76