REACTIVE MAGNESIA FROM MAGNESIUM SULFATE HYDRATE: A CIRCULAR ROUTE FOR ACID NEUTRALIZATION SYSTEMS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61164/pma8x695Palabras clave:
Reactive magnesium oxide (MgO). , Carbothermic reduction, Hydrated magnesium sulfate, Sulfuric acid regeneration, Circular hydrometallurgyResumen
This work presents an efficient carbothermic route for producing highly reactive magnesium oxide (MgO) from hydrated magnesium sulfate (MgSO₄·H₂O), using charcoal, petroleum coke, and bituminous coal as reducing agents. Experiments conducted in a muffle furnace at 850 °C for 120 minutes yielded MgO in the range of 94.3% to 95.0%. Acid-neutralization tests demonstrated rapid reactivity (44–98 s), and the product exhibited a porous microstructure with particle sizes below 40 µm and low ash content. The process minimizes gypsum waste, enables MgSO₄ recycling, and allows SO₂ capture for sulfuric acid regeneration, offering both environmental and logistical advantages—particularly for sustainable sulfuric-acid-based hydrometallurgical operations in remote regions
Descargas
Referencias
1. CAVANI, F.; TRIFIRÒ, F.; VACCARI, A. Hydrotalcite-type anionic clays: preparation, properties and applications. Catalysis Today, v. 11, n. 2, p. 173–301, 1991. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0920-5861(91)80068-K. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0920-5861(91)80068-K
2. CORAY, A.; JOVANOVIC, Z. R. On the prevailing reaction pathways during magnesium production via carbothermic reduction of magnesium oxide under low pressures. Reaction Chemistry & Engineering, v. 4, p. 939–953, 2019. DOI: 10.1039/C8RE00295A DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/C8RE00295A
3. FARJANA, S. H.; HUDA, N.; MAHMUD, M. A. P.; SAIDUR, R. A review on the impact of mining and mineral processing industries through life cycle assessment. Journal of Cleaner Production, v. 231, p. 1200-1217, 2019. DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.05.264. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.05.264
4. LIESKE, J. C.; FARRELL, G.; DEGANELLO, S. The effect of ions at the surface of calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals on cell-crystal interactions. Urological Research, v. 32, n. 2, p. 117–123, 2004. DOI: 10.1007/s00240-003-0391-5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00240-003-0391-5
5. NA, H.; WANG, Y.; ZHANG, X.; LI, J.; ZENG, Y.; LIU, P. Hydration Activity and Carbonation Characteristics of Dicalcium Silicate in Steel Slag: A Review. Metals, v. 11, n. 10, art. 1580, 2021. DOI: 10.3390/met11101580. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/met11101580
6. PEREIRA, A. C.; FONSECA, R. B. da C. Synthesis of reactive MgO from hydrated magnesium sulfate via carbothermic reduction. Revista DELOS, v. 18, n. 69, e6030, 2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.55905/rdelosv18.n69-145. DOI: https://doi.org/10.55905/rdelosv18.n69-145
7. SOUZA, B. M.; KUMAR, P.; GUPTA, R. Synthesis and characterization of magnesium compounds for construction applications. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, v. 9, p. 315–325, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2019.12.017 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2019.12.017
8. STEIGER, M.; LINNOW, K.; EHRHARDT, D.; ROHDE, M. Decomposition reactions of magnesium sulfate hydrates and phase equilibria in the MgSO₄–H₂O system. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 75, p. 3600–3626, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1089/ast.2012.0823. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2011.03.038
9. VILLA GÓMEZ, D.; et al. Review on developments in technologies for critical metal recovery from mining and metallurgical waste streams. Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review, v. 45, p. 123-145, 2024. DOI: 10.1080/08827508.2024.2408015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/08827508.2024.2408015
10. ZHONG, Y.; LI, J.; WANG, H.; WANG, M. Thermal decomposition mechanism of MgSO₄·7H₂O. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2025; art. 130613. DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130613 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130613
Descargas
Publicado
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2025 Antonio Clareti Pereira
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits the sharing of the work with proper acknowledgment of authorship and initial publication in this journal;
Authors are authorized to enter into separate, additional agreements for the non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in this journal (e.g., posting in an institutional repository or publishing it as a book chapter), provided that authorship and initial publication in this journal are properly acknowledged, and that the work is adapted to the template of the respective repository;
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post and distribute their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their personal websites) at any point before or during the editorial process, as this may lead to productive exchanges and increase the impact and citation of the published work (see The Effect of Open Access);
Authors are responsible for correctly providing their personal information, including name, keywords, abstracts, and other relevant data, thereby defining how they wish to be cited. The journal’s editorial board is not responsible for any errors or inconsistencies in these records.
PRIVACY POLICY
The names and email addresses provided to this journal will be used exclusively for the purposes of this publication and will not be made available for any other purpose or to third parties.
Note: All content of the work is the sole responsibility of the author and the advisor.
