MEDIDAS ACÚSTICO-ELÁSTICAS DE DOSIS ABSORBIDA EN UN DOSÍMETRO DE GEL POLIMÉRICO COMO SIMULADOR DE TEJIDO BLANDO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.66104/gdzzdb84Palabras clave:
Ultrasonido, Velocidad del sonido, Coeficiente de atenuación, Módulo de Young, Dosis absorbida, Dosímetro de gel poliméricoResumen
La dosimetría precisa de la dosis absorbida es uno de los factores determinantes para la eficacia y seguridad de los tratamientos en radioterapia, especialmente cuando se requiere la verificación tridimensional de la distribución de dosis. En este contexto, los dosímetros de gel polimérico se destacan por permitir el registro volumétrico de la dosis, siendo tradicionalmente leídos mediante resonancia magnética, una técnica de alto costo y limitada disponibilidad clínica. Este estudio investiga la aplicabilidad de un sistema ultrasónico como método alternativo para la lectura de dosímetros de gel polimérico MAGIC-F utilizados en radioterapia. Inicialmente, se realizó la calibración del sistema mediante muestras homogéneas a base de gelatina bovina con diferentes concentraciones, evaluando la respuesta de la velocidad ultrasónica, el coeficiente de atenuación y los módulos elásticos. Posteriormente, la metodología se aplicó a muestras de gel MAGIC-F irradiadas con dosis absorbidas entre 0 y 40 Gy. La velocidad ultrasónica longitudinal y el coeficiente de atenuación se determinaron experimentalmente mediante la técnica de transmisión–recepción, mientras que los módulos elásticos se estimaron a partir de relaciones empíricas fundamentadas en la literatura. Los resultados indican un comportamiento aproximadamente lineal de la atenuación en el intervalo de 0 a 30 Gy, con una variación más pronunciada a dosis elevadas, lo que sugiere la existencia de regímenes distintos de respuesta del material. Asimismo, se observó un aumento sistemático de la rigidez mecánica con la dosis, evidenciado por el incremento del módulo de Young. Estos hallazgos demuestran el potencial del ultrasonido como herramienta complementaria para la lectura tridimensional de la dosis absorbida en dosimetría con geles poliméricos.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Ana Clara Oliveira de Queiroz Teófilo, Pedro Henrique Dias Coelho, Sílvio Leão Vieira
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