DESULFURIZACIÓN ADSORPTIVA DE DIBENZOTIOFENO UTILIZANDO CARBÓN ACTIVADO DE CÁSCARA DE COCO DE DENDÊ IMPREGNADO CON ALUMINIO: ESTUDIO DE EQUILIBRIO Y CINÉTICA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.66104/mzkh2e26Palabras clave:
desulfurización adsorptiva; dibenzotiofeno; carbón activado; isotermas de adsorción; cinética de adsorciónResumen
La presencia de compuestos sulfurados en combustibles derivados del petróleo representa un importante problema ambiental y tecnológico, debido a la formación de SO₂ durante la combustión y a la desactivación de catalizadores en los procesos de refinación. En este contexto, la desulfurización adsorptiva ha sido investigada como una alternativa complementaria a la hidrodesulfurización convencional. El presente trabajo evaluó la remoción de dibenzotiofeno (DBT) por adsorción en carbón activado obtenido de la cáscara de coco de dendê, previamente oxidado con ácido nítrico e impregnado con aluminio (CACD-Al). Se realizaron experimentos de equilibrio y cinética en sistema cerrado y en modo discontinuo (batch), a diferentes temperaturas. Los modelos de Langmuir, Freundlich, BET, Radke-Prausnitz y Sips fueron ajustados a los datos experimentales, siendo este último el que presentó el mejor desempeño estadístico, lo que indica la heterogeneidad de los sitios de adsorción. La capacidad máxima obtenida fue del orden de 0,66 mmol g-1 a 30 °C, valor superior o comparable a los reportados en la literatura para carbones activados aplicados a la remoción de DBT. El análisis cinético fue descrito satisfactoriamente por el Modelo de Difusión Superficial Homogénea (HSDM), evidenciando que la difusión intraparticular es el mecanismo controlador de la velocidad de adsorción. Los resultados demuestran que el CACD-Al es un adsorbente prometedor para la desulfurización adsorptiva de compuestos tiofénicos, al combinar buen desempeño, bajo costo y origen en un residuo agrícola, con potencial aplicación como etapa complementaria a los procesos convencionales de remoción de azufre en combustibles.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Dr. Aparecido Nivaldo Módenes, Dr. Carlos Eduardo Borba, Ruth Ribeiro Naves Barros , Dra. Camila Vargas Neves, Dra. Daniela E. G. Trigueros , Dr. Fernando R. Espinoza-Quiñones , Dra. Isabella C. Dall' Oglio
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