WasionLink: Arquitectura Modular de Comunicación Embebida para Medidores Inteligentes con Compresión Adaptativa, Conectividad NTN y Conmutación Inteligente
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.66104/demgdf29Palabras clave:
medidor inteligente, NTN, FUOTA, multi-RAT, compresíon embebidaResumen
Los medidores inteligentes desplegados en las regiones remotas de la Amazonia Legal brasileña enfrentan una brecha crítica de conectividad: las redes terrestres NB-IoT y LTE cubren menos del 30% del territorio, mientras que los costos de comunicación por satélite convencional son prohibitivos a la escala de programas como Mais Luz para a Amazônia(MLA). Este artículo presenta WasionLink, una arquitectura modular de comunicación embebida para medidores inteligentes WASION e inversores fotovoltaicos, diseñada para abordar esta brecha mediante cuatro innovaciones integradas. En primer lugar, un pipeline de compresión de dos etapas — preprocesamiento de cabecera seguido de serialización Protocol Buffers (nanopb) y compresión LZ4 — apuntando a una reducción mínima del 70% en el volumen de datos transmitidos. En segundo lugar, una cartera de hardware modular con tres variantes: el aMeter NTN, la NIC USB y la NIC LTE-450 MHz. En tercer lugar, un motor de conmutación inteligente que selecciona autónomamente la tecnología de acceso de radio óptima entre NTN, NB-IoT terrestre y LTE-450 MHz. En cuarto lugar, un mecanismo FUOTA con dimensionamiento dinámico de ventana y retransmisión selectiva, adaptado para latencias LEO de hasta 600 ms. Un ensayo piloto de campo realizado en diciembre de 2025, con 10 medidores WASION en una red NB-IoT real, validó parcialmente la arquitectura: la versión de firmware con compresión activa (v4.1.6-6) redujo el volumen mediano de datos transmitidos en un 20,8% y el tamaño mediano por sesión en aproximadamente un 47% en comparación con la versión sin compresión (v4.1.6-3). El resultado práctico es la reducción de 3,3× en los costos de transmisión NTN por medidor para el Programa MLA.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Gleison Guardia, Kelly Vinente dos Santos, Alberto Alexandre Moura de Albuquerque, Jamilly Cristina de Sousa, Brunna Conceicao de Paulo, Antônio Ébano Rafael Machado de Oliveira, Flávia Vitória Neves de Matos, Rogério Guerra Diógenes Filho, Mateus Souza e Silva
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