TEMPORAL ANALYSIS OF BIO-OPTICAL INDICATORS RELATED TO WATER QUALITY AT SEIXAS BEACH, NORTHEASTERN BRAZIL: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY USING SENTINEL-3 OLCI

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.66104/necb7q37

Palabras clave:

Bio-optical indices, coastal monitoring, OLCI, remote sensing, water quality

Resumen

This study investigates the temporal behavior of bio-optical parameters related to water quality at Seixas Beach, Paraíba, Brazil, using remote sensing data from the Ocean and Land Colour Instrument (OLCI) onboard Sentinel-3. The area is a shallow tropical coastal environment influenced by seasonal rainfall, estuarine discharge, and urban inputs, making it suitable for evaluating satellite-based monitoring in optically complex waters. The study assumes an exploratory character, focusing on the interannual variability of optical proxies between October 2016 and January 2020, a period chosen to represent conditions of lower rainfall and greater water column stability. Six indices were analyzed: Bottom Reflectance Index (BRI), Normalized Difference Chlorophyll Index (NDCI), Normalized Floating Algal/Harmful Algal Bloom Index (NFHI), Turbidity Index (TBI), Algal Carbon Index (ACI), and Sea Surface Temperature (SST). The results reveal consistent spatial gradients between nearshore and offshore zones. Statistical analysis indicated significant interannual differences for BRI and TBI, suggesting variations in apparent transparency and suspended particle influence. Given the absence of in situ data, the results are interpreted as indicative of changes in the region’s optical regime. The study establishes a methodological baseline for using OLCI as a screening tool in monitoring tropical coastal environments in northeastern Brazil.

Descargas

Los datos de descarga aún no están disponibles.

Biografía del autor/a

  • Mariana Mirelly da Silva Sá, Federal University of Paraíba

    Holds a Bachelor’s degree in Fisheries Engineering from the State University of Bahia (UNEB, 2021), a specialization in Occupational Safety Engineering from the National Institute of Education and Research (INEP, 2022), and a Master’s degree in Ecology and Environmental Monitoring from the Federal University of Paraíba (PPGEMA/UFPB, 2023). Currently pursuing a Ph.D. in Development and Environment at PRODEMA/UFPB, including a doctoral exchange program at the University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Portugal, funded by the CAPES/PDSE scholarship program. Has experience in Agricultural and Earth Sciences, particularly in Geology and Sedimentology, with current research interests focused on Environmental Technologies, Remote Sensing, Artificial Intelligence, Spatial Modeling, and Coastal Area Management. Also serves as an Inland Waterway Deck and Engine Assistant Seafarer certified by the Brazilian Navy (2019) and participated in an educational exchange program at Mount Hutt College, Methven, New Zealand (2014), through the “Ganhe o Mundo” scholarship program funded by the Government of Pernambuco State.

         
  • Raimundo Aprigio de Menezes Junior, Federal University of Paraíba, Brazil

    Holds degrees in Civil Engineering (Federal University of Paraíba, 2005) and Dentistry (Federal University of Paraíba, 2009), as well as Master’s and Ph.D. degrees in Mechanical Engineering with emphasis on Dynamics and Control Systems (Federal University of Paraíba, 2008 and 2012). Served as a full-time professor at the Federal University of Pernambuco between 2010 and 2012. Currently, is an Associate Professor III at the Federal University of Paraíba under an exclusive dedication regime, conducting research in the following areas: Numerical Methods (theoretical models using serial and parallel scientific computing), Artificial Intelligence and Data Intelligence (Machine Learning, SVM-based theoretical models, Artificial Neural Network models, and analytical modeling), Biomechanical Problem Modeling and Material Characterization, Static and Dynamic Structural Problem Modeling (Control and Artificial Intelligence applied to active systems), Embedded Systems Technologies for IoT and Sensing, and Alternative and Renewable Energy Sources.

  • Karina Massei, Federal University of Paraíba, Brazil

    Marine Biologist graduated from UNISANTA, with a Master’s degree from the University of Algarve (Portugal) and a Ph.D. from PRODEMA/UFPB. Specialist in Environmental Education, with experience in coral reef and mangrove ecology and monitoring, marine ecosystem restoration, integrated coastal management, and environmental education. Currently coordinates the Coral Ecosystem Restoration Subprogram (SUPER/PREAMAR-PB), participates in national coral restoration networks, and contributes to initiatives related to the Ocean Decade and Marine Spatial Planning in Northeastern Brazil. Has experience in project development and management, event organization, capacity building, and strengthening the connection between science, public policies, and society.

Referencias

AHMAD, H. High-resolution spatiotemporal monitoring of water quality and trophic status in Bay St. Louis using Sentinel-2 NDCI time series on Google Earth Engine. Transactions in GIS, 2025. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/tgis.70166. Accessed on: May 21, 2026.

BAR, A. R. et al. Mapping of tide-dominated Hooghly estuary water quality parameters using Sentinel-3 OLCI time-series data. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 195, n. 9, p. 1152, 2023. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-023-11552-8. Accessed on: Feb. 21, 2026.

BUENO, C. S. et al. Global warming and coastal protected areas: a study on phytoplankton abundance and SST in different regions of the Brazilian South Atlantic coastal ocean. Ecology and Evolution, v. 14, n. 4, e11724, 2024. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.11724. Accessed on: May 21, 2026.

CESAR, G. M. et al. Bio-optical properties of South Brazil Bight coastal waters and implications for satellite chlorophyll-a concentration retrieval. International Journal of Remote Sensing, v. 44, n. 9, p. 2829–2852, 2023. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2023.2201385. Accessed on: May 21, 2026.

CONTRERAS ROJAS, Paula Andrea et al. Dynamics of Water Quality in the Mirim–Patos–Mangueira Coastal Lagoon System with Sentinel-3 OLCI Data. Geomatics, v. 5, n. 3, p. 36, 2025. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/geomatics5030036. Accessed on: Feb. 27, 2026.

DENISENKO, Stanislav G. et al. Assessing bioresources and standing stock of zoobenthos (key species, high taxa, trophic groups) in the Chukchi Sea. Oceanography, v. 28, n. 3, p. 146-157, 2015. Available at: https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2015.63.

JAMALI, Ali et al. TransU-Net++: Rethinking attention gated TransU-Net for deforestation mapping. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, v. 120, p. 103332, 2023. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2023.103332. Accessed on: May 27, 2026.

LAPENNA, V.; SOLDOVIERI, F. Preface to the special issue on “integration of space and in-situ techniques: a new paradigm for the monitoring and surveillance”. Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 253, p. 112192, 2021. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2020.112192. Accessed on: Jan. 27, 2026.

LAPUCCI, C. et al. Use of Sentinel-3 OLCI images and machine learning to assess the ecological quality of Italian coastal waters. Sensors, v. 23, n. 22, p. 9258, 2023. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/s23229258. Accessed on: Apr. 21, 2026.

LIMA, F.; WETHEY, D. Three decades of high-resolution coastal sea surface temperatures reveal more than warming. Nature Communications, v. 3, p. 704, 2012. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms1713. Accessed on: Feb. 21, 2026.

LOPEZ BARRETO, Brittany N. et al. Satellite remote sensing: A tool to support harmful algal bloom monitoring and recreational health advisories in a California reservoir. GeoHealth, v. 8, n. 2, p. e2023GH000941, 2024. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GH000941. Accessed on: May 21, 2026.

MACIEL, D. A. et al. A bio-optical database for the remote sensing of water quality in Brazil coastal and inland waters (BRAZA). Scientific Data, v. 12, art. 1270, 2025. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-025-05609-1. Accessed on: Jan. 21, 2026.

MATOS, T. et al. A review of methods and instruments to monitor turbidity and suspended sediment concentration. Journal of Water Process Engineering, v. 64, p. 105624, 2024. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2024.105624. Accessed on: May 21, 2026.

MATTHEWS, M. W.; ODERMATT, D. Improved algorithm for routine monitoring of cyanobacteria and eutrophication in inland and near-coastal waters. Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 156, p. 374-382, 2015. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2014.10.010.

PEREIRA, Luciano Schaefer; CUNHA, Lúcio Sobral; VIEIRA, R. de S. Inventariação de potenciais locais de interesse geoturístico em João Pessoa (PB) e litoral sul do Estado. Caminhos de Geografia, Uberlândia, v. 17, n. 60, p. 211-223, 2016. Available at: https://www.doi.org/10.14393/RCG176015. Accessed on: May 21, 2026.

PETITEAU, Adèle; VEA, Eldbjørg Blikra; RICHARDSON, Katherine. Projecting global marine eutrophication under climate change: An absolute environmental sustainability assessment approach. Science of the Total Environment, v. 1009, p. 181083, 2025. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.181083. Accessed on: May 21, 2026.

SILVA, Gabriel Serrato de Mendonça; GARCIA, Carlos Alberto Eiras. Evaluation of ocean chlorophyll-a remote sensing algorithms using in situ fluorescence data in Southern Brazilian Coastal Waters. Ocean and Coastal Research, v. 69, p. e21012, 2021. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824069.20-014gsdms. Accessed on: Mar. 21, 2026.

SUN, W. et al. Coastline extraction using remote sensing: a review. GIScience & Remote Sensing, v. 60, n. 1, 2023. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/15481603.2023.2243671. Accessed on: May 21, 2026.

WINDLE, A. E. et al. Evaluating atmospheric correction algorithms applied to OLCI Sentinel-3 data of Chesapeake Bay waters. Remote Sensing, v. 14, n. 8, p. 1881, 2022. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14081881. Accessed on: Feb. 21, 2026.

WU, Bin et al. Monitoring the vertical distribution of maize canopy chlorophyll content based on multi-angular spectral data. Remote Sensing, v. 13, n. 5, p. 987, 2021. Available at: https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/5/987. Accessed on: May 21, 2026.

YAN, F. et al. Global coastal water transparency has increased due to human intervention. Communications Earth & Environment, v. 6, p. 641, 2025. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-02638-x. Accessed on: Jan. 21, 2026.

Descargas

Publicado

2026-06-07

Número

Vol. 13 Núm. 12 (2026): REMUNOM - ISSN 2178-6925

Sección

Artigos

Licencia

Derechos de autor 2026 Mariana Mirelly da Silva Sá, Raimundo Aprigio de Menezes Junior, Karina Massei

Creative Commons License

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.

Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:

Authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits the sharing of the work with proper acknowledgment of authorship and initial publication in this journal;

Authors are authorized to enter into separate, additional agreements for the non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in this journal (e.g., posting in an institutional repository or publishing it as a book chapter), provided that authorship and initial publication in this journal are properly acknowledged, and that the work is adapted to the template of the respective repository;

Authors are permitted and encouraged to post and distribute their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their personal websites) at any point before or during the editorial process, as this may lead to productive exchanges and increase the impact and citation of the published work (see The Effect of Open Access);

Authors are responsible for correctly providing their personal information, including name, keywords, abstracts, and other relevant data, thereby defining how they wish to be cited. The journal’s editorial board is not responsible for any errors or inconsistencies in these records.

PRIVACY POLICY

The names and email addresses provided to this journal will be used exclusively for the purposes of this publication and will not be made available for any other purpose or to third parties.

Note: All content of the work is the sole responsibility of the author and the advisor.

Cómo citar

TEMPORAL ANALYSIS OF BIO-OPTICAL INDICATORS RELATED TO WATER QUALITY AT SEIXAS BEACH, NORTHEASTERN BRAZIL: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY USING SENTINEL-3 OLCI. (2026). REMUNOM, 13(12), 1-22. https://doi.org/10.66104/necb7q37