MELHORAMENTO GENÉTICO DE MILHO PARA ALTOS TEORES DE AMILOSE E AMILOPECTINA NOS GRÃOS

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61164/fagmvz88

Palavras-chave:

Zea mays, waxy, amylose extender, mutation, nutritional quality

Resumo

Resumo: Esta revisão bibliográfica explorou o melhoramento genético do milho para aumentar os teores de amilose e amilopectina em grãos de milho. A composição do amido, dividido entre amilose e amilopectina, afeta significativamente o desempenho animal e a qualidade de produtos derivados do milho. A síntese de amilose e amilopectina no milho, relacionada a diferentes genes mutantes como wx (para amido ceroso) e ae (para alto teor de amilose) foi destacada. Foram abordadas as principais estratégias de melhoramento genético para os caracteres, como retrocruzamento e autofecundação, para desenvolver linhagens com diferentes teores de amilose e amilopectina. Também se explorou a influência dos fatores ambientais na expressão de amilose e amilopectina nos grãos de milho. As mudanças na temperatura, umidade e outras condições meteorológicas afetam a relação amilose/amilopectina e a estrutura molecular dos grãos. Destacou-se a importância desses estudos para otimizar a nutrição animal, melhorar a produção de alimentos e rações, bem como desenvolver produtos industriais a partir do milho, salientando o potencial do melhoramento genético para enfrentar desafios futuros na agricultura e na indústria alimentícia. O melhoramento genético do milho para altos teores de amilose e amilopectina promove soluções promissoras para reduzir, principalmente, os custos da produção de proteína animal.

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Publicado

2026-01-30

Como Citar

MELHORAMENTO GENÉTICO DE MILHO PARA ALTOS TEORES DE AMILOSE E AMILOPECTINA NOS GRÃOS. (2026). Revista Multidisciplinar Do Nordeste Mineiro, 1(03), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.61164/fagmvz88