BRIDGING THE BRAIN DRAIN: REPATRIATION POLICY AND THE ENHANCEMENT OF ABSORPTIVE CAPACITY FOR TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER IN BRAZIL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.66104/p32n8w07Palavras-chave:
Absorptive Capacity, Technology Transfer, Brain DrainResumo
This study investigates the role of repatriating qualified personnel in strengthening the absorptive capacity of Brazilian organizations and its implications for the effectiveness of technology transfer. Addressing the persistent "brain drain" phenomenon, the research examines the Brazilian "Conhecimento Brasil" program through a qualitative, exploratory approach grounded in a structured review of the literature. The analysis draws on established theoretical frameworks on absorptive capacity and innovation systems to examine how returning researchers may influence organizational capabilities. In this context, repatriated professionals are interpreted as potential boundary spanners and gatekeepers, facilitating the circulation and internalization of knowledge between Science and Technology Institutions and the productive sector. Their presence can support learning processes, strengthen internal Research and Development structures, and contribute to improving the conditions under which technology transfer takes place. At the same time, the study identifies relevant limitations in the current policy design. In contrast to international experiences, the Brazilian framework offers limited incentives for autonomous entrepreneurship and provides few mechanisms, such as tax benefits or targeted funding, to encourage firm-level engagement. These constraints may reduce the broader impact of repatriation initiatives, particularly with regard to the creation of new technology-based ventures and the inclusion of small and medium-sized enterprises. The findings suggest that repatriation policies represent a viable strategy for strengthening the National Innovation System, especially when combined with complementary measures that enhance organizational capabilities and support knowledge-intensive activities. In this sense, the contribution of the study lies in articulating the relationship between human capital mobility, absorptive capacity, and technology transfer, offering a theoretical perspective to inform the design and improvement of innovation policies in emerging economies.
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