INTERACCIONES AGONÍSTICAS ENTRE ABEJAS VISITANTES DE LA FLOR DE Solanum lycocarpum (SOLANACEAE)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.66104/1dra4b02Palabras clave:
Competência, Recursos florales, Visitantes florales, Solapamiento de nichoResumen
La demanda de recursos florales, el alto gasto energético durante el forrajeo y el número limitado de flores pueden resultar en diferentes niveles de competencia inter e intraespecífica entre las abejas. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo establecer las categorías de interacciones intra e interespecíficas que involucran especies de abejas durante el forrajeo en las flores de Solanum lycocarpum. La actividad de forrajeo de las abejas se registró durante 12 días, no necesariamente consecutivos, a lo largo de todo el proceso de floración, entre las 6:00 h y las 17:15 h, en los primeros 15 minutos de cada hora, totalizando 132 horas de observación. Se registraron el número de flores visitadas y las interacciones agonísticas intra e interespecíficas. Se realizó un análisis faunístico para definir las clases, abundancia, frecuencia, constancia y dominancia de las especies. De las 10 especies de abejas registradas, se clasificaron como constantes: Centris scopipes; Augochlora sp.; Augocloropsis sp.; Exomalopsis fulvofasciata; Bombus sp.; Oxaea flavescens. Se registraron 401 encuentros agresivos, que incluyeron diferentes interacciones agonísticas. Estas interacciones se observaron únicamente entre las especies O. flavescens, E. fulvofasciata, Augochlora sp. y Augochloropsis sp. Las especies O. flavescens y E. fulvofasciata participaron con mayor frecuencia en combates en los que resultaron ganadoras, ejerciendo así dominancia en relación con el área de forrajeo, siendo la “confrontación en la flor” la acción más constante, tanto en las interacciones intra como interespecíficas. Se cree que la posible reducción de la disponibilidad de recursos en el área, causada por la deforestación del fragmento forestal, pudo haber contribuido a la intensificación de la competencia y de los conflictos entre las abejas.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Paulo Roberto de Abreu Tavares, Valter Vieira Alves-Júnior, Leandro Pereira Polatto, Jessica Amaral Henrique, Glaucia Almeida de Morais
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