LOS MÉTODOS Y ESTRATEGIAS DE PREPARACIÓN FÍSICA APLICADOS A LUCHADORES EN DIFERENTES DEPORTES DE COMBATE: UNA REVISIÓN NARRATIVA DE LA LITERATURA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.66104/vqy4yz76Palabras clave:
Artes marciales; Lucha libre; Deportes de combate; Entrenamiento físicoResumen
Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo realizar una revisión bibliográfica narrativa sobre los métodos y estrategias de preparación física aplicados a luchadores en diferentes deportes de combate. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica narrativa utilizando los descriptores y sus sinónimos: "Deportes de Combate", "Acondicionamiento Físico", "Periodización", "Psicología Deportiva", "Educación Física y Entrenamiento". La búsqueda se realizó en las bases de datos Google Académico y PubMed. Se seleccionaron estudios que presentaban los descriptores y sus sinónimos en el título o resumen del texto, con el fin de contribuir a los hallazgos sobre el tema de esta investigación. Se incluyeron 20 artículos en esta investigación. Con base en los artículos analizados, se estructuraron cuatro ejes temáticos principales: 1) Capacidades (bio)motoras en la preparación física de luchadores; 2) La importancia del profesional de educación física en la planificación de la preparación física de los luchadores; 3) Preparación psicológica, técnica y táctica en la preparación de luchadores; 4) Modelo de periodización en la preparación física de luchadores. Se concluye que la preparación física de los luchadores es multifacética, ya que debe considerar habilidades motoras como velocidad, potencia, fuerza, agilidad, flexibilidad, coordinación motora y acondicionamiento aeróbico y anaeróbico. Además, se consideran aspectos técnicos, tácticos, psicológicos, fisioterapéuticos y nutricionales. El rol del profesional de educación física es esencial para garantizar la correcta evaluación, análisis y organización de la preparación física del luchador. En este proceso, el trabajo interprofesional es fundamental para garantizar el rendimiento atlético del luchador.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Natália Rodrigues dos Reis, Jefferson da Silva Novaes, João Vitor de Souza Moreira, Camille dos Reis Molina, André Calil e Silva, Guilherme de Jesus do Nascimento, Jeferson Macedo Vianna, Aline Aparecida de Souza Ribeiro
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