REORGANIZACIÓN ESTRUCTURAL Y COMPOSICIONAL EN PARCELAS PERMANENTES DE CAATINGA: EVIDENCIAS DE CRECIMIENTO COMPENSATORIO Y REDISTRIBUCIÓN DE LA DOMINANCIA ENTRE 2022 Y 2024
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.66104/pnmen722Palabras clave:
Caatinga, Bosque seco, Inventario forestal, Parcelas permanentesResumen
Los bosques tropicales estacionalmente secos presentan una dinámica fuertemente modulada por la variabilidad climática y el estrés hídrico, factores que influyen simultáneamente en la mortalidad, el crecimiento y la composición de especies. Este estudio evaluó cambios estructurales y composicionales en 32 parcelas permanentes ubicadas en la Caatinga, Nordeste de Brasil, comparando inventarios realizados en 2022 y 2024. Se analizaron variaciones en la densidad (N), el área basal (G), la distribución diamétrica, la contribución específica al incremento estructural (ΔG), la disimilitud de Bray-Curtis y patrones multivariados mediante ordenación NMDS.
Se observó una ligera reducción en la densidad media por parcela, asociada a un aumento expresivo del área basal, lo que indica crecimiento compensatorio de los individuos remanentes. La distribución por clases diamétricas evidenció una reducción en la clase menor y un incremento en las clases intermedias, lo que sugiere progresión estructural con reclutamiento limitado en el período. El incremento del área basal se concentró en pocas especies, con destaque para Prosopis juliflora y Poincianella pyramidalis, indicando reorganización en la dominancia estructural. Las disimilitudes fueron mayores cuando se basaron en el área basal que en la abundancia, evidenciando cambios más intensos en la estructura de biomasa que en la composición florística. La ordenación NMDS reveló desplazamientos heterogéneos entre parcelas, lo que sugiere respuestas locales diferenciadas.
Los resultados indican que, en el intervalo analizado, la comunidad presentó un crecimiento estructural significativo acompañado de una reorganización en la dominancia, patrón consistente con procesos recientes descritos para bosques secos de América Latina bajo variabilidad climática.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Cleyton dos Santos Souza, Leandro Nicholas Albuquerque Silva, Sara Sebastiana Nogueira, Maria Gabriela do Nascimento, Elaine Cristina Alves da Silva , Jacqueline Wanessa de Lima Pereira, Maria José de Holanda Leite, Átila Bruno de Moraes Almeida, Rosilvam Ramos de Sousa, Maria Janaina Nascimento Silva
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