CARACTERIZACIÓN MINERALÓGICA Y TECNOLÓGICA DE LOS RESIDUOS DE LA MINERÍA DE FOSFATO PARA EL POSIBLE REPROCESAMIENTO DE LOS PASIVOS AMBIENTALES MINEROS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.66104/pep5m473Palabras clave:
Caracterización Mineral, Residuos Mineros, Reutilizar ResiduosResumen
Este estudio investiga la caracterización mineralógica y tecnológica de un residuo fosfático de minería, con el objetivo de evaluar su viabilidad de reprocesamiento. El creciente volumen de residuos mineros y la necesidad de una mayor recuperación de fósforo hacen esencial la búsqueda de alternativas para reutilizar estos materiales. El residuo analizado, proveniente de las etapas de deslamado del proceso de beneficio, presenta una granulometría predominantemente ultrafina, con aproximadamente el 50% de las partículas por debajo de 0,012 mm. El análisis químico indicó un contenido medio de 7% de P₂O₅, con las mayores concentraciones en el intervalo de 0,011 a 0,044 mm. La mineralogía del residuo está compuesta principalmente por apatita, magnetita, micas y minerales arcillosos, los cuales dificultan los procesos convencionales de concentración. La apatita pura recolectada para estudios complementarios mostró un comportamiento electrocinético compatible con el uso de colectores aniónicos, como los ácidos grasos, en valores de pH superiores a 8,5. No obstante, la presencia de contaminantes y la granulometría ultrafina indican baja eficiencia de flotación en condiciones convencionales. Por lo tanto, el reprocesamiento del residuo requiere rutas avanzadas de beneficio mineral, como la agregación selectiva y la lixiviación, reforzando la importancia del desarrollo de tecnologías modernas para el tratamiento de residuos, garantizando así una minería más sostenible, segura y eficiente.
Descargas
Referencias
AHMED, N.; JAMESON, G. J. Flotation kinetics. Mineral processing and extractive metallurgy review, p. 77–99, 1989. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/08827508908952645
BANIHASHEMI, Seyed Ramin et al. Selective nitric acid leaching of rare-earth elements from calcium and phosphate in fluorapatite concentrate. JOM (Warrendale, Pa.: 1989), v. 71, n. 12, p. 4578–4587, 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-019-03605-6
BARROS, Luiz Antonio Fonseca de. Flotação da apatita da Jazida de Tapira, MG. [S.l.]: Universidade de São Paulo. Agência de Bibliotecas e Coleções Digitais, 2024.
CAVALHEIRO PAULELLI, Ana Carolina et al. Fundão tailings dam failure in Brazil: Evidence of a population exposed to high levels of Al, As, Hg, and Ni after a human biomonitoring study. Environmental Research, v. 205, n. 112524, p. 112524, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2021.112524
COIMBRA, Keyla Thayrinne Oliveira; ALCÂNTARA, Enner; DE SOUZA FILHO, Carlos Roberto. Possible contamination of the Abrolhos reefs by Fundao dam tailings, Brazil - New constraints based on satellite data. The Science of the Total Environment, v. 733, n. 138101, p. 138101, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138101
DHAR, P.; THORNHILL, M.; KOTA, H. R. An Overview of Calcite Recovery by Flotation. Materials Circular Economy, v. 2, n. 1, 23 set. 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42824-020-00006-y
FERREIRA, Alex Paulo de Souza et al. ROTA DE FLOTAÇÃO PARA A ROCHA FOSFÁTICA DE TAPIRA/MG. Revista Foco, v. 16, n. 12, p. e3798, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54751/revistafoco.v16n12-137
GUAN, Qingjun et al. Characterization and leaching kinetics of rare earth elements from phosphogypsum in hydrochloric acid. Minerals (Basel, Switzerland), v. 12, n. 6, p. 703, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/min12060703
LIANG, Haijun et al. Rare earth and phosphorus leaching from a flotation tailings of Florida phosphate rock. Minerals (Basel, Switzerland), v. 8, n. 9, p. 416, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/min8090416
MAUS, Victor et al. A global-scale data set of mining areas. Scientific Data, v. 7, n. 1, p. 289, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-020-00624-w
MOSAIC. Plano de Ação de Emergência PAEBM - Barragem BL1 Seção I. [S.l.: S.n.]. Disponível em: <https://mosaicco.com.br/ckfinder/userfiles/files/DF21-236-1-EG-RTE-0033.pdf#:~:text=para%20a%20Barragem%20BL1%20(conten%C3%A7%C3%A3o%20de%20rejeitos,de%20Minera>.
NAZARI, S. et al. Flotation of coarse particles by hydrodynamic cavitation generated in the presence of conventional reagents. Separation and Purification Technology, v. 220, p. 61–68, 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2019.03.033
PARENTE, Cláudio E. T. et al. First year after the Brumadinho tailings’ dam collapse: Spatial and seasonal variation of trace elements in sediments, fishes and macrophytes from the Paraopeba River, Brazil. Environmental Research, v. 193, n. 110526, p. 110526, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2020.110526
REIS, Angelica S. et al. Effect of bubble size on the performance flotation of fine particles of a low-grade Brazilian apatite ore. Powder Technology, v. 356, p. 884–891, 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2019.09.029
SCHÄFER, Jörg; COYNEL, Alexandra; BLANC, Gérard. Impact of metallurgy tailings in a major European fluvial-estuarine system: Trajectories and resilience over seven decades. The Science of the Total Environment, v. 805, n. 150195, p. 150195, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150195
SEIFELNASSR, A. A. S.; AHMED, A. A. Enrichment of Abu-Tartur phosphate ore wastes. Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing, [S.d.].
TEAGUE, A. J.; LOLLBACK, M. C. The beneficiation of ultrafine phosphate. Minerals Engineering, v. 27–28, p. 52–59, 2012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2011.12.007
VERGILIO, Cristiane Dos Santos et al. Metal concentrations and biological effects from one of the largest mining disasters in the world (Brumadinho, Minas Gerais, Brazil). Scientific Reports, v. 10, n. 1, p. 5936, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-62700-w
Descargas
Publicado
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2026 Thiago Duarte Figueiredo, Geovanna Rodrigues Cruz, Yago Costa Roberto, Angélica de Fátima Cruz, Francielle Câmara Nogueira, Carlos Alberto Pereira
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits the sharing of the work with proper acknowledgment of authorship and initial publication in this journal;
Authors are authorized to enter into separate, additional agreements for the non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in this journal (e.g., posting in an institutional repository or publishing it as a book chapter), provided that authorship and initial publication in this journal are properly acknowledged, and that the work is adapted to the template of the respective repository;
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post and distribute their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their personal websites) at any point before or during the editorial process, as this may lead to productive exchanges and increase the impact and citation of the published work (see The Effect of Open Access);
Authors are responsible for correctly providing their personal information, including name, keywords, abstracts, and other relevant data, thereby defining how they wish to be cited. The journal’s editorial board is not responsible for any errors or inconsistencies in these records.
PRIVACY POLICY
The names and email addresses provided to this journal will be used exclusively for the purposes of this publication and will not be made available for any other purpose or to third parties.
Note: All content of the work is the sole responsibility of the author and the advisor.
